第三极地区气温和积雪的季节—年际气候预测研究
收稿日期: 2020-11-28
修回日期: 2021-01-25
网络出版日期: 2021-04-19
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目“动力—统计相结合的东亚气候年际预测理论和方法研究”(2018YFC1506005);“基于过程扰动的多模式集合预测理论和方法研究”(2017YFC1502302)
Study of Seasonal-Interannual Climate Predictions of Temperature and Snow Depth over the Third Pole
Received date: 2020-11-28
Revised date: 2021-01-25
Online published: 2021-04-19
Supported by
the National Key Research and Development Program of China “Theory and method of interannual climate prediction over East Asian by combining both dynamical and statistical methods”(2018YFC1506005);“The theory and method of multi-model ensemble prediction based on process disturbance”(2017YFC1502302)
第三极地区气候多样、灾害频发,是影响全球和亚洲气候异常的关键区域,针对此地区开展季节—年际气候预测研究对于提高区域预报技巧以及减少灾害造成的影响具有重要的科学和指导意义。基于国家气候中心气候预测业务模式(BCC_CSM1.1m)的历史回报和预测数据,对第三极地区2 m气温和积雪的预测结果进行了确定性技巧评估,并分析了海洋因子对于预测技巧的调制作用。研究表明:该模式对于青藏高原及其周边地区气温和积雪的季节—年际气候预测具有一定的预测能力,对夏季气温的预测效果整体上好于冬季气温和积雪深度预测;预测技巧随着模式起报时间的提前而下降,但是存在技巧回升现象。研究也发现,海温异常因子对第三极地区的气候预测技巧具有不同程度的调制作用,厄尔尼诺等海洋信号能够通过直接和间接作用影响第三极地区的气候预测。
关键词: 季节—年际气候预测; 第三极地区; 气温和积雪预测; BCC_CSM1.1m
汪芋君 , 任宏利 , 王琳 . 第三极地区气温和积雪的季节—年际气候预测研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021 , 36(2) : 198 -210 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2021.013
The Third Pole (TP) has diverse climate and frequent disasters and is a key area that affects global and Asian climate anomalies. The study of seasonal-interannual climate prediction in the TP area is of great scientific and guiding significance for improving regional forecasting skills and reducing the natural disaster impacts. Based on the hindcast data of BCC_CSM1.1m, we evaluated the prediction performance of 2m-air temperature (T2m) and snow depth over the TP by employing deterministic forecast verification methods and then analyzed the modulation of the Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTA). The results indicate that BCC_CSM1.1m has useful prediction skills in the TP area for the seasonal-interannual 2m-air temperature and snow depth predictions. The prediction skill of summer T2m is generally higher than winter T2m and snow depth. The predictivity of BCC_CSM1.1m is generally weaker for a longer lead time, but there is a skill-recovery. Meanwhile, SSTA could modulate the seasonal-interannual climate prediction over the TP and ocean signals such as El Ni?o show their direct and indirect influences on the predictability.
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