城市扩展过程已经成为影响自然生境的关键因素。了解城市扩展过程对自然生境影响评价的研究现状,对于协调城市扩展过程与自然生境保护之间的矛盾、提高城市可持续性具有重要意义。为此,系统综述了城市扩展过程对自然生境影响评价的国内外研究进展,发现城市扩展过程对自然生境影响评价研究的中英文论文数量和被引频次均呈上升趋势。相关研究主要评价了城市扩展过程对广义自然生境的影响,在内容上侧重于评价城市扩展过程对自然生境面积和空间格局的影响,在尺度上偏重于局地尺度,在研究方法上倾向于采用空间统计法。这些研究为深入理解城市扩展过程对自然生境的影响奠定了良好的基础,但在评价对象、研究尺度和分析方法等方面仍存在不足。针对已有研究中存在的不足,提出了一套基于“多视角、多尺度和多方法”的城市扩展过程对自然生境影响的综合评价框架,以期为更加有效地评价城市扩展过程对自然生境的影响提供帮助。

Urban expansion has become one of the main factors influencing natural habitats. Understanding the advances on the assessments of the impacts of urban expansion on natural habitats is of great significance to balance the contradiction between urban expansion and natural habitats protection and to improve urban sustainability. Therefore, this paper reviewed the assessments of the impacts of urban expansion on natural habitats. The results showed that the number of papers and the frequency of citations continuously increased. Previous studies mainly evaluated the impacts of urban expansion on natural habitats in broad sense, and emphasized the impacts on the area and spatial patterns of natural habitats. The scale of previous studies concentrated on the local scale, and the spatial statistics were used as the most popular assessment method. Previous studies have laid a good foundation for understanding the impacts of urban expansion on natural habitats, but there are shortcomings in several aspects of contents, scales and methods. To solve those shortcomings, we propose a framework for assessing the impacts of urban expansion on natural habitats based on the principle of "multiple perspectives, multiple scales, and multiple methods". This framework will be helpful to assess the impacts of urbanization on natural habitats in a more effective way.