面对低碳航空发展态势给航空业带来的巨大挑战以及减排机制的转变,基于外部性视角,首先介绍并分析了航线网络模式影响航空碳排放环境损害的一般模型与碳排放环境损害要素的确定以及灵敏度分析方法的应用,然后系统总结了航线网络碳排放外部性要素——飞行操作阶段(着陆/起飞阶段与巡航阶段)、扇区飞行距离、航线类型、终端区近地空域的影响。现有研究表明:2类航线网络模式碳排放环境损害的方式和规模不同,城市对模式低于中心—辐射模式;航空碳排放环境损害是以上4个要素共同作用形成的,并与机型、航空公司类型等相联系。枢纽机场愈益严重的碳排放环境损害引发了对中心—辐射航线网络模式选择的质疑,当然,基于低碳经济对航线网络模式提出选择与调整的建议也需要考虑腹地市场问题。

In the face of the challenges posed by low-carbon aviation development to the aviation industry and the transformation of the emission reduction mechanism, based on the external perspective, firstly, the general expression of the environment damage model of aviation carbon emission and the element about the damage factors of carbon emission environment and the application of sensitivity analysis method were introduced and analyzed. Then, the external factors of carbon emissions in the airline network were analyzed systematically—The influence of the flight operation stage (LTO phase and cruise phase), the sector distance, the flight type and the terminal area airspace. The existing research showed that the two types of airline network model about the environment damage of aviation carbon emission were in different ways and sizes, and the city-pairs was lower than the hub-spoke; the environment damage of aviation carbon emission was the formation of the above four elements with the aircraft type and airline type. The hub airport’s carbon emissions triggered a challenge to the hub-spoke airline network model. In the low-carbon economy, corresponding suggestions on the airline network model were also faced with the hinterland market.