收稿日期: 2003-05-27
修回日期: 2003-08-08
网络出版日期: 2004-02-01
基金资助
国家林业局“西藏荒漠化监测”项目和西藏自治区重点科技项目“西藏沙漠化成因与综合防治研究”资助.
DYNAMIC CHANGES AND DEVELOPMENTAL TRENDS OF THE LAND DESERTIFICATION IN TIBETAN PLATEAU OVER THE PAST 10 YEARS
Received date: 2003-05-27
Revised date: 2003-08-08
Online published: 2004-02-01
依据生态基准面的理论制定了西藏高原沙漠化土地分类分级体系。运用遥感、野外调查与 GIS等方法，对20世纪90年代沙漠化动态变化进行了研究，研究结果表明：西藏高原沙漠化扩大 2151．68km 2，升级率达 2．3％，动态度为 0．154％，沙漠化程度明显加重，形成沙漠化发展、稳定及逆转三种类型区。高原沙漠化发展演化的内在驱动力是以气候为主的自然因素，外在驱动力则是人为的"三滥"活动。预测到2005年、2010年沙漠化仍将缓慢发展。西藏高原是我国沙漠化正在发展-强烈发展的区域，发展态势严峻。高原沙漠化防治的基本策略应是全面保护、综合治理、适度开发、协调发展。
李森 , 高尚玉 , 姚发芬 , 陈怀顺 , 杨萍 . 近10年西藏高原土地沙漠化动态变化与发展态势[J]. 地球科学进展, 2004 , 19(1) : 63 -070 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2004.01.0063
The theory of ecological datum plane was employed in establishing the classification and grade system of desertification lands in Tibetan Plateau，which includes four grades with ten types as well as one grade with three types of potential desertification lands. In addition, some research methods and technique such as remote sensing, field survey and GIS were used. The desertification dynamic changes during the 1990s in Tibetan Plateau were studied. The results show that the area of desertification lands has increased 2151.68km2 in Tibetan Plateau over the past 10 years. The upgrading ratio of desertification is 2.3% and the dynamic degree is 0.154%, falling into the slowly development type. As the types of extremely sever, sever and medium desertification lands respectively increased 23.13% and 1.61%, reaching 2650.30km2 in area, the desertification degree in the region is obviously getting worse. The desertification lands vary greatly in their development and reversal. Different desertification regions in Tibetan Plateau, like developmental regions, stable regions and island shape reversal regions for desertification can be recognized. The climatic changes may be a main natural factor resulting in the desertification increase in Tibetan Plateau. The unreasonable human activities such as excessive reclamation, grazing and firewood collecting accelerated the desertification in this plateau. It is predicted that the desertification in Tibetan Plateau will still develop slowly until 2005, even until 2010. Therefore, Tibetan Plateau is suffering from desertification or even more intense desertification. The basic strategies of desertification prevention were put forward. Comprehensive protection of lands from excessive use, synthetical prevention and cure of desertification lands, and reasonable exploitation can effectively reverse the desertification, which will produce harmonious development in the plateau.
Key words： Tibetan Plateau; Desertification; Dynamic changes; Developmental trends.
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