收稿日期: 1998-08-10
修回日期: 1998-10-26
网络出版日期: 1999-06-01
基金资助
中科院“九五”项目“西部冰川资源变化及其对社会经济发展的影响”(编号:KZ951-B1-212)、国家自然科学基金项目“高亚洲冰川物质平衡对气候变化的响应及对水资源的影响”(编号:49571018)、中科院“九五”项目“青藏高原环境变化与区域可持续发展”之专题“冰川冻土与气候间的相互作用”(编号:KZ951-A1-204-03-04)及中科院“冰冻圈动态变化基础研究”专项基金联合资助。
ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF GLACIER FLUCTUATIONS DURING THE LAST30YEARS IN URUMQI RIVER BASIN AND THE ESTIMATION OF TEMPERATURE RISE IN THE HIGH MOUNTAIN AREA
Received date: 1998-08-10
Revised date: 1998-10-26
Online published: 1999-06-01
刘时银,王宁练,丁永建,谢自楚 . 近30年来乌鲁木齐河流域冰川波动特征与流域高山带升温幅度的估算[J]. 地球科学进展, 1999 , 14(3) : 279 -285 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1999.03.0279
Based on field observations and repeated photogrammetry, representative glacier and all the other glaciers in the Urumqi River basin have experienced definite shrinkage since the end of 1950s and the beginning of 1960s. It' s found that the decreases in length, area and ice volume of glaciers show a close relationship with their dimensions, that is, the larger the glaciers, the bigger their retreats and vise versa.
Analysis indicates that statistical relations can be established for the absolute and relative changes in length, area and volume of glaciers against with their lengths, which can be adapted to glaciers in other mountainous regions, if we conduct some supplementary measurements of glacier fluctuations. With this concept, an evaluation can be made for glacier fluctuations in a regional scale. Further calculation demonstrates that glacier shrinkage in the last 30 years corresponded to an air temperature rise of about 0.35±0.27℃in the high mountain region of the Urumqi River.
Key words： Urumqi River Basin; Glacier fluctuation; Air temperature rise.
〔1〕丁永建.近40a来全球冰川波动对气候变化的反应.中国科学(B辑),1995,25(10):1 093～1 098.
〔2〕中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所.中国冰川目录Ⅲ——天山山区(西北部准噶尔内流区).北京:科学出版社,1986.
〔3〕王宁练,张祥松.近百年来山地冰川波动与气候变化.冰川冻土,1992,14(3): 242～250.
〔4〕中国科学院兰州冰土研究所.中国冰川目录Ⅲ——天山山区(西准噶尔内流区).北京:科学出版社,1986.
〔5〕刘时银,丁永建,王宁练,等.天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川物质平衡对气候变化的敏感性研究.冰川冻土,1998,20(1): 9～13.
〔6〕陈建明,刘潮海,金明燮.重复航空摄影测量方法在乌鲁木齐河流域冰川变化监测中的应用.冰川冻土,1996,18(4):331～336.
〔7〕林学春,于淑秋,唐国利.中国近百年温度序列.大气科学,1995,19(5):525～534.
〔8〕符淙斌,王强.南亚季风长期变化中的突变现象及其与全球迅速增暖的同步性.中国科学(B辑),1991:666～672.
〔9〕佩特森W S B.冰川物理学.北京:科学出版社,1987.152～172.
〔10〕Haeberli W. Accelerated glacier and permafrost changes in the Alps. In: Beniston M ed. Mountain Environments in Changing Climates. London and New York: Routledge,1994. 91～107.
〔11〕Haeberli W, Hoelzle M. Application of inventory data for estimating characteristics of and regional climate-change effects on mountain glacier: a pilot study with the European Alps.Annals of Glaciology 21, 1995: 206～212.
〔12〕Hansen J, Lebedeff S. Global trends of measured surface air temperature. Journal of Geophysical Research 92, 1987: 13345～13 372.
〔13〕Haeberli W, Herren E, eds. Glacier mass balance bulletin No 1 World Glacier Monitoring Service (IAHS(ICSI)/UN-EP/UNESCO). ETH Zurich, 1991.1～70.
〔14〕Haeberli W, Herren E, Hoelzle M, eds. Glacier mass balance bulletin No 2 World Glacier Monitoring Service (IAHS(ICSI)/UNEP/UNESCO). ETH Zurich, 1993.1～74.
〔15〕Haeberli W, Hoelzle M, Bo。sch H ed. Glacier mass balance bulletin No 3 World Glacier Monitoring Service (IAHS(ICSI)/UNEP/UNESCO). ETH Zurich, 1994.1～79.
〔16〕Haeberli W, Hoelzle M, Suter S, eds. Glacier mass balance bulletin No 4, World Glacier Monitoring Service (IAHS(ICSI)/UNEP/UNESCO). ETH Zurich, 1996.1～89.
〔17〕Johannesson T, Raymond C, Waddington E. Time-scale for adjustment of glacier to changes in mass balance. Journal of Glaciology, 1989, 35(121): 355～369.
〔18〕Nye J F. A numerical method of inferring the budget history of a glacier from its advance and retreat. Journal of Glaciology, 1965, 5(41): 589～607.
〔19〕Pelto M S, Higgins S M, Fastook J L. Modeling mass-balance changes during a glaciation cycle. Annals of Glaciology,1990, 14: 238～241.
〔20〕Schytt V. A study of“ablation gradient”. Geogr Ann, 1967,49A(2～4): 327～332.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
甘公网安备62010202000687
