收稿日期: 2002-10-22
修回日期: 2003-03-21
网络出版日期: 2003-08-01
基金资助
中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目“国家资源环境数据库建设与数据共享”（编号：KZCX2-308）、“国土环境遥感时空信息分析与数字地球相关理论技术预研究”（编号：KZCX1-Y -02）资助.
SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN EXPANSION IN CHINA BY REMOTE SENSING AND GIS
Received date: 2002-10-22
Revised date: 2003-03-21
Online published: 2003-08-01
利用中国1990-2000年土地利用矢量数据和自然区划图，将中国分为 6级城镇用地区。第一级城镇用地分类包括辽东胶东山地丘陵、华北平原、鲁中山地丘陵、淮河及长江中下游平原、粤桂闽丘陵平原、华北山地丘陵。这些地区城镇用地比重高，城镇扩展速度快，城镇扩展面积占全国城镇扩展面积的71．47％，城镇扩展造成耕地面积减少占全国的69．88％；其中华北平原占全国的 24．54％，淮河及长江中下游占20．15％。城镇扩展占用的主要是耕地资源，占其扩展面积的 78．96％；其次农村居民点用地占10．2％，林地占 4．48％，草地占 2．6％，水体占 1．56％，独立工矿用地占 1．43％，未利用地占 0．77％。城镇居民点用地扩展占用大量的耕地资源，从而造成耕地资源的大量减少，威胁中国的粮食安全。
田光进 . 基于遥感与GIS的中国城镇用地扩展特征[J]. 地球科学进展, 2003 , 18(4) : 504 -508 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.04.0504
Six urban areas are classified using the land use vector data sets and natural zoning map of China from 1990 to 2000. The first grade urban area includes east Liaoning and east Shandong hill area,north China plain,middle Shandong hill area,Huaihe basin,middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river,Guangdong,Guangxi and Fujian mountain plain,north China hill area. The urban land percentage of these areas and the speed of urban expansion are higher. The urban expansion in these area takes up 71.47％ of total China and the loss of cropland takes up 69.88％ while north China plain is 24.54％ and Huaihe basin,middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river is 20.15％. The major source of urban land is derived from crop land and the percentage is 78.96％ while rural land is 10 .2％,forest land is 4.48％,water is 1.56％,construction land is 1.43％ and bare land is 0.77％. A great amount of cropland will be lost by the urban expansion and threat the grain safety in China.
Key words： Remote sensing; GIS; China; Urban expansion; Spatial characteristics．
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