综述与评述

地幔地球化学研究进展:微量元素和同位素特征

展开
  • 中国地质大学地球化学研究所, 湖北 武汉 430074
匡少平,男,1966年10月出生,副教授,主要从事岩石圈地幔地球化学研究。

收稿日期: 1998-04-22

  修回日期: 1998-06-18

  网络出版日期: 1999-04-01

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目“超高压变质作用与碰撞造山动力学(项目编号:49794043)和国土资源部壳幔开放重点实验室联合资助。

PROGRESS IN MANTLE GEOCHEMISTRY:ISOTOPES AND MINOR ELEMENTS

Expand
  • Institute ofGeochemistry,China University ofGeosciences,Wuhan 430074,China

Received date: 1998-04-22

  Revised date: 1998-06-18

  Online published: 1999-04-01

摘要

系统介绍了近年来地幔同位素地球化学的研究进展,概述了Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb、Os、He-Ar和Ne同位素在幔源岩石示踪和成因鉴别上所取得的成果,指出同位素在地幔岩石研究的重要作用;简要总结了全球及区域地幔平均化学成分的主要研究手段和某些全球均一比值(如Nb/U、Y/Ho和Ce/Pb)的意义;并提出分析技术的落后和基础理论的停滞是影响同位素和微量元素在地幔研究中应用和发展的主要因素。

本文引用格式

匡少平,徐 仲 . 地幔地球化学研究进展:微量元素和同位素特征[J]. 地球科学进展, 1999 , 14(2) : 159 -163 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1999.02.0159

Abstract

 The paper firstly introduces the developmentofmantle isotopic geochemistry and summarizes the achievements of applying Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb,Os,He-Ar and He isotopes to tracing rock sources and distinguishing their geneses.Recent major studies showthat the isotopic information is very important and effective to investigate mantle-derived rocks.
Then,some main methods determining mantle compositions and the significance of globally uniform ratios such as Nb/U,Y/Ho and Ce/Pb are presented.Atthe same time,it is pointed outthatthe backward of analytical technique and the nonbreakthrough of fundamental theories affect seriously the application and development of isotopes and minor elements to mantle researches.

参考文献

〔1〕Hofmann AW.Mantle geochemistry:the message from oceanic volcanism.Nature,1997,385:219~229.
〔2〕Basu A,Hart S R,eds.Earth Processes:Reading the Isotopic Code.Am Geophys Sci Lett,1996.75~98.
〔3〕Galer S JG,O NionsDL.Residence time ofthorium,uraniumand lead in the mantle with implications for mantle convection.Nature,1985,316:778~782.
〔4〕Galer S J G,Goldstein SL,O Nions RK.Limits on chemical and convective isolation in the Earth’s interior.Chem Geol,1989,75:257~290.
〔5〕Galer S J G,Goldstein.Earth Processes:Reading the Isotopic Code.Am Geophys Sci Lett,1996.75~98.
〔6〕Allegre C J,Luck J M.Osmium isotopes as petrogenetic and geological traces.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1980,48:148~154.
〔7〕Hauri E H,Hart S R.Re-Os isotope systematics of HIMU and EMII oceanic is land basalt from the South Pacific Ocean.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1993,114:353~371.
〔8〕Reisberg L,Zindler A,Marcantonio F,et al.Os isotope systematics in ocean island basalts.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1993,120:149~167.
〔9〕Roy-Barman M,Allegre C J.187Os/186Os in oceanic island basalts:tracing oceanic crust recycling in the mantle.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1995,129:145~161.
〔10〕Marcantonio F,ZindlerA,ElliottT,et al.Os isotope systematics of La Palma,Canary Island:evidence for recycled crust in the mantle source of HIMU ocean island.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1995,133:397~410.
〔11〕Pearson D G,Carlson RW,Shirey S B,et al.Stabilisation of Archean lithospheric mantle:a Re-Os isotope study of peridotite xenoliths from the Kaapvaal Craton.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1995,134:341~357.
〔12〕Hauri EH,Lassiter J C,DePaolo D J.Osmium isotope systematics of drilled lavas fromMauna Loa,Hawaii.J Geophys Res,1996,(5):11793~11 808.
〔13〕Anderson D L.Helium-3 from the mantle:primordial signal or cosmic dust.Science,261:170~176.
〔14〕Hanan B,Graham D.Lead and helium isotope evidence from oceanic basalts for a common deep source of mantle plumes.Science,1996,272:991~995.
〔15〕Honda M,Mcdougall I Patterson D B,et al.Noble gases in submarine pillow basalt glasses from Loihi and Kilauea,Hawaii:a solar component in the Earth.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1993,57:859~874.
〔16〕Sarda P,Staudacher T,Allegre C J.Neon isotopes in submarine basalts.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1988,91:73~88.
〔17〕Zindler A,Hart S.Chemical geodynamics.Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci,1986,14:493~571.
〔18〕Weaver B L.The origin of ocean island basalt end-member compositions:trace elements and isotopic constrains.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1991,104:381~397.
〔19〕Chauvel C,Hofmann A W,Vidal P.HIMU-EM:The French Polynesian connection.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1992,110:99~119.
〔20〕Hart S R,Hauri E H,Oschmann L A,et al.Mantle plumes and entrainment:isotopic evidence.Science,1992,256:517~520.
〔21〕Stein M,Hofmann A W.Mantle plumes and episodic crustal growth.Nature,372:63~68.
〔22〕Ringwood A E.Amodel for the upper mantle.J Geophys Res,1962,67:857~867.
〔23〕Ringwood A E.The chemical composition and origin of the Earth.In:Hurley PM,ed.Advances in Earth Sciences.Cambridge:MIT Press,1966.287~356.
〔24〕Ringwood A E. Composition and Petrology of Earth Mantle. New York:Mcgraw-Hill,1975.618.
〔25〕Ito K,Kennedy G C.Melting and phase relations in a natural peridotite to 40 kilobars.Am J Sci,1967,265(6):519~538.
〔26〕Green DH.Conditions ofmelting of basanite magma fromgarnet peridotite.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1973,17:456~465.
〔27〕Jagoutz E,Palme H,Baddenhausen H,et al.The abundances of major,minor and trace elements in the earth s mantle as derived from primitive ultramafic nodules.Proc 10thLunar Planet Sci Conf,1979.2031~2 050.
〔28〕Sun S S.Chemical composition and origin of the Earth’s primitive mantle.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1982,46:179~192.
〔29〕Anderson D L.Chemical composition of the mantle.J Geophys Res,1993,88(Suppl):B41~B52.
〔30〕Wanke H,DribusG,Jagoutz E.Mantle chemistry and accretion history of the Earth.In:Kroner A,Hanson G,Goodwin A,eds.Archean Geochemistry.Berlin:Springer,1984.1~24.
〔31〕Palme H,Nickel K J.Ca/Al ratio and composition of the Earth’s upper mantle.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1985,49:2123~2132.
〔32〕Hart S R,Zindler G A.In search of a bulk-Earth comosition.Chem Geol,1986,57:247~267.
〔33〕Taylor S R.Elemntal fractionation in the solar nebula and planetary compositions;a“predestinatin”scenario.In:Proceedings of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. New York: Pergamon, 1983·14(Part 2):779~780.
〔34〕McDonough W F,Sun S S.The composition of the Earth.Chem Geol,1995,120:223-253.
〔35〕Allegre C J,Minster C J.Quantitative models of trace element behavior in magmatic process.Earth Planet Sci Lett,1978,38(1):1~25.
〔36〕匡少平,张本仁.地球化学反演:东秦岭两类不同地幔成分的确定.桂林冶金地质学院学报,1993,13(1):1~13.
〔37〕Hofmann A W,Jochum K-P,Seufert M,et al.Nb and Pb in oceanic basalts:new constrains on mantle evolution.Earth Planet Sci Let,1985,19:33~45.

文章导航

/