收稿日期: 2002-09-06
修回日期: 2002-09-29
网络出版日期: 2003-04-01
SATELLITE GEODESY AND GEOSCIENCES IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM
Received date: 2002-09-06
Revised date: 2002-09-29
Online published: 2003-04-01
经典卫星大地测量学着重研究地球几何形状、定向及其变化,并在实际应用中关注在地球表面上点的定位、重力及其变化。而现代卫星大地测量则不仅仅能在地表上长时间以10-9精度定位,而且它已远远超过原来经典的目标,已经涉及多种学科领域,可以提供和处理涉及原来是地球动力学、行星学、大气学、海洋学、板块运动学和冰川学等其他学科所需的信息,提供多种学科领域长期以来很难取得的数值和有可能解决它们相应的困惑。当然为了达到这些目标卫星大地测量学仍然还有众多的理论和实践的问题需要思考和解决。然而可以预期,卫星大地测量学将与其他学科会有更多的交叉,不仅在大地测量学,而且在地球科学中会具有强大生命力,并将更大地影响和促进地球科学、环境科学和行星科学的发展。
陈俊勇 . 新世纪的卫星大地测量学和地球科学[J]. 地球科学进展, 2003 , 18(2) : 175 -177 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.02.0175
Scientific object of classical satellite geodesy is the determination of the geometric figure, orientation and their variations of the earth. Main practices of modern satellite geodesy are in the field of positioning on the earth surface with a relative precision of 1 part per billion and consistentover decades. Whereas the object of modern satellite geodesy is far beyond the object and the practices mentioned and become a interdisciplinary geodetic science. Now the modern satellite geodesy can provide and process the information necessary for other geosciences, such as geodynamics, planetology, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, tectonic movement and glaciology and so on. The modern satellite can also provide the data which are usually difficult collected and achieved by the other geosciences mentioned. Now the valuable data may solve some problems which are difficult solved in these geosciences before. As a matter of fact the influence of modern satellite geodesy is enlarging, with impressive achievements in the last few decades in many diverse areas, and becomes an interdisciplinary geoscience, and it will give more influence and promotion on the other geosciences, planet sciences, and environment sciences. Examples include enabling determination of crustal deformation and strain with unprecedented accuracy at high time resolution; water vapor monitoring; satellite orbit determination; gravity modeling and its variation with time. Of course in order to meet this objects there are a lot of theoretical and practical problems in satellite geodesy are still to be solved. However it will be sure satellite geodesy will not only be taken as a powerful position in geodesy but also in geosciences.
Key words: Geodesy; Geoscience; Ocean; Gravity; Atmosphere.
[1] Rummel R. Space Geodesy and Earth Sciences[C]. Berlin: Springer, Vistas for Geodesy in the New Millennium, IAG Symposium, 2002,125: 584-589.
[2] Dickey J O. Interdisciplinary Space Geodesy: Challenges in the New Millennium[C]. Berlin: Springer, Vistas for Geodesy in the New Millennium, IAG Symposium, 2002,125: 590-594.
[3] Nerem R S, Lerch F J, Marshall J A, et al. Gravity model development for TOPEX/POSEIDON: Joint gravity models 1 and 2[J]. JGR, 1994, 99(12): 421-424.
[4] Schwintzer P, Reigber C H, Bode A, et al. Long-wavelength global gravity models: GRIM4-S4, GRIM4-C4 [J]. JG, 1997, 71(4): 189-208.
[5] Lemoine F G, Kenyon S C, Factor J K, et al. The Development of the joint NASA GSFC and NIMA Geopotential Model EGM96[R]. Maryland: Goddard Space Flight Center, 1998.312- 330.
[6] Dickey J O, Bently C R, Bilham R, et al. Satellite gravity and the geosphere: Contribution to the solid Earth and its fluid envelope[J]. EOS, 1998, (20): 237-243.
[7] HRC. Satellite Geodesy and the Geosphere: Contribution to the Study of the Solid Earth and its Fluid Earth[M]. Washington: Natural Academie Press, 1997. 60-111.
[8] Wahr J, Molenaar M, Bryan M F. Time-variability of the Earth’s gravity field: Hydrological and oceanic effects and their possible detection using GRACE[J]. JGR, 1998,103: 30 205-30 230.
/
〈 |
|
〉 |