干旱气候变化与可持续发展

大气气溶胶中NO3- ,SO42-研究

展开
  • 中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所  兰州  730000
李忠勤,男,1962年4月出生,副研究员(博士生),主要从事冰川化学研究.

收稿日期: 1994-04-07

  修回日期: 1994-09-28

  网络出版日期: 1995-06-01

THE STUDIES OF SO42− AND NO3 IN AEROSOL

Expand
  • Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology,Academia Sinica  730000

Received date: 1994-04-07

  Revised date: 1994-09-28

  Online published: 1995-06-01

摘要

根据对国内外有关文献资料的总结归纳,对气溶胶中NO3-, SO42-的研究现状及其在不同类型样品中的浓度量值分别进行了阐述;对雪冰层中的NO3-和SO42-进行了本底划分,并对这些本底的来源、组成及特征进行了分析。

本文引用格式

李忠勤,姚檀栋,谢自楚 . 大气气溶胶中NO3- ,SO42-研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 1995 , 10(3) : 289 -295 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1995.03.0289

Abstract

Current emphasis upon the extensive investigation of atmospheric environmental system has drawn attention to increased emissions of nitrogen and sulphur compounds to the atmosphere by human activities. In this overview we discuss recent work on NO3 and SO42− in atmospheric aerosols and present the concentration ranges of NO3 and  SO42− in both aerosol themselves and their records within precipitation and snow and ice stratum in a global scale. In addition, particular effort has been made in classification of NO3 and SO42− “backgrounds" in snow and ice records,and analysis of the compositions and characteristics of the backgrounds. This is done to establish a better understanding of order of magnitude of nitrogen and sulphur compound emissions to atmosphere from different sources as well as to add more information to our global understanding of NO3 and SO42− cycling in atmosphere.

参考文献

[1] NAS(National Academy of Science). Global troposheric chemistryprogram. NAS Press,Washington D C,1984.
[2] NAS. Global change in the geosphere-biosphere: Initial priorities for an IGBP. NAS Press,Washington D C,1986.
[3] National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Earth System Science-Overview. NASA,Washington D C,1986.
[4] International Council of Scientific Unions. IGBP: A Study of global change—the initial core projects. IGBP report 12 (June 1990), IGBP Secretariat , Stockholm ,Sweden ,1990.
[5] World Meteorological Organization. Summary report on the WMO BAPMON program as of 31 December,1987.
[6] Logan J A. Nitrogen oxides in the troposphere: global and region Iget. J Geophys Res,1983,88: 10785-10807.
[7] Barrie L A. The spatial distribution of precipitation acidity and Major ion wet deposition in north America during 1980. Tellus,1984,3613: 333-355.
[8] James N et al.Acid rain:China,United States and a remote area. Science,1987,236:1559-1562.
[9] Bowden W B,Bormann F H. Transport and loss of nitrous oxide in soil water after forest clear-cutting. Science, 1986,233: 867-869.
[10] Firestone M K. Nitrous oxide from soil denitrification: factors controlling its biological production. Science,1980, 208:749-751.
[11] Martikainen P J. Nitrous oxide emission associated with autotrophic ammonium concentration in acid coniferous forest soil. Appl Environ Micro,1985,50:1519-1525.
[12] Bowden W B. Gaseous nitrogen emissions from undisturbed terrestrial ecosystem:An assessment of their impacts on local and global nitrogen budgets. Biogeochem,1986,28: 249-280.
[13] Prospero J M,Savoie P L. Effect of continental sources on nitrate concentrations over the Pacific Ocean. Nature, 1989, 339: 687-689.
[14] Savoie J M,Prospero,et al. Nitrate,non-sea salt sulfate and mineral aerosol over the northwestern Indian Ocean. J Geophys Res,1987,92 (D1):933-942.
[15] Crutzen P J,Gidel L T. A two-dimensional photochemical model of the atmosphere. J Geophys Res,1983,88, 6641-6661.
[16] Johannessen M,Henriksen A. Chemistry of snow meltwater:changes in concentration during melting. Water Resources Research, 1978,14 (4):615-619.
[17] Tsiouris S et al. The Elution of ions through field and laboratory snowpacks. Annals of Glaciology, 1985, 7: 196-201.
[18] Mosley-Thompson E,Dai et al. Glaciological studies at Siple Station (Antarctica):Potential ice core paleoclimatis record. J of Glaciology,1991,37 (125):11-22.
[19] Clausen H B,Langway C C. The ionic deposits in polar ice core. In: The Environmental Records in Glaciers and Ice Sheets.Edited by H Oeschger and C C Langway,New York,1989.
[20] Lyons W B, Mayewski P A. The Glaciochemistry of snow-pits from Quelccaya ice cap peru,1982. Annals of Glaciology,1985,7.
[21] Delmas R J,Legrand M. Snow chemistry on Mount Logan,Yukon Territory Canada. Annals of Glaciology,1985, 7: 213.
[22] Schotterer U et al. Information on paleo-precipitation on a high altitude glacier Moute Rosa,Switzerland,Gletscher. Glazial,1985, 21:379-388.
[23] Herron M M Impurity sources of F,Cl,NO3 and SO42- in Greenland and Antarctic precipitation. J Geophys Res,1982,8T(C4):3052-3060.
[24] Legrand M R,Delmas R J. The ionic balance of Antarctic snow: a 10-year detailed record. Atmos Environ,1984, 18(9):1867-1874.
[25] Zeller E J et al. Nitrate flux on the Ress Ice shelf,Antarctica,and its relation to solar cosmic rays. Geophys Res Lett,1986,13(12):1264-1267.
[26] VJagenbach D, et al. Coastal Antarctic aerosol:the seasonal pattern of its chemical composition and radionuclide content. Tellus,1988,40B: 426-436.
[27] Jouel J et al. A continuous record of artification tritium fallout at the South Pole (1954-1978). Earth Planet Sci Lett,1979, 45: 188-200.
[28] Qin Dahe,et al. The Distribution of nitrate content in the surface snow of the Antarctic ice sheet along the route of the 1990 International Trans-Antarctica Expedition.J Geophys Res,1992,97 (AS):6277-6284.
[29] Barrie L A,et al.Twentieth century trends in Arctic air pollution revealed by conductivity and acidity obser vations in snow and ice in the Canadian high Arctic. Atmo Envir,1985,19: 2055-2063.
[30] Savoie D L,Prospero J M. Comparison of oceanic and continental sources of non-sea salt sulphate over the Pacific Ocean. Nature,1989,339: 685-687.
[31] Charlson R,et al. Oceanic phytoplankton,atmospheric sulfur,cloud albedo and climate. Nature,1987,326: 611-655.
[32] Aristarain A J et al. Snow chemistry on James Ross Island (Antarctic Peninsula). J Geophys Res,1982,87(C13):
11004-11012.
[33] Mulvaney R,Pecl D A. Anions and canons in ice cores from Dolleman Island and the Palmer Land Plateau,Antarctic Peninsula. Ann Glaciology,1988,10: 121-125.
[34] Legrand M R,Delmas R J. Spatial and temparal variation of snow chemistry in Terre Adelie (East Antarctica).Ann Glacial,1985,7,20-25.
[35] Delmas R J et al. Volcanic depostis in Antarcitic snow and ice. J Geophys Res,1985,90(D7):12901-12920.
[36] Galloway J N,Whelpdale P M. Watox-86 overview and western north Atlantic ocean S and N atmospheric budgets. Global Biogeochem Cycles,1987,1(4) : 261-281.

文章导航

/