收稿日期: 2009-02-04
修回日期: 2009-05-20
网络出版日期: 2009-08-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金重点项目“江河源区土地沙漠化过程及其与冰冻圈的互馈关系”（编号：40638038）资助.
Spatial and Temporal Change of Desertification Land of Zoige Basin in Recent 30 Years and Its Cause Analysis
Received date: 2009-02-04
Revised date: 2009-05-20
Online published: 2009-08-10
在遥感（RS）和地理信息系统（GIS）技术的支持下，采用1975年的MSS影像和2005年的TM影像对若尔盖盆地土地沙漠化的时空演变进行了监测。研究发现，从1975年到2005年的30年间，若尔盖盆地的沙漠化土地以年均70.18 km2的速度发展，共增加了2 105.36 km2，其中主要以中、轻度沙漠化土地的增加为主，增加面积分别为957.13和1 146.75 km2; 重度沙漠化土地变化很小，仅增加了1.48 km2。在1965—2007年，若尔盖盆地年平均气温升高了1.41 ℃，年平均降水减少了34 mm，人类活动对环境的破坏作用加强，严重过度放牧，因此该地区沙漠化发展是自然环境变化和人类活动共同作用的结果。
魏振海 , 逯军峰 , 颜长珍 , 胡光印 , 董治宝 . 近30a来若尔盖盆地沙漠化时空演变过程及成因分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009 , 24(8) : 908 -916 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2009.08.0908
In this study, Landsat MSS images in 1975 and Landsat TM images in 2005 were used to monitor the development of land desertification in Zoige Basin with the assistance of RS and GIS techniques. The result shows that the area of desertification land increased by 2 105.36 km2 in this region from 1975 to 2005, nearly at the rate of 70.18 km2/a. The increased desertification land is mainly of moderately and slightly desertified ones, and the area of which is 957.13 km2 and 1 146.75 km2 respectively, but severely desertified land just increased by 1.48 km2. Annual mean temperature increased by 1.41℃ from 1965 to 2007. Meanwhile, annual mean precipitation decreased by 34 mm. At the same time, human activities, especially over-grazing, strongly disturbed the ecoenvironment of this region. Therefore, it can be concluded that the compound effect of natural and anthropogenic factors is the reason for the rapid development of desertification land in the basin.
Key words： Zoige Basin; ; Desertifcation; ; Remote sensing monitoring; ; Source region of the Yellow River
[1] Yang Jianping, Ding Yongjian, Shen Yongping, et al. Climatic features of eco-environment change in the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers in recent 40 years[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2004,26（1）：7-16.[杨建平，丁永建，沈永平，等.近40a来江河源区生态环境变化的气候特征分析[J].冰川冻土，2004，26（1）：7-16.]
[2] Wang Qingchun, Zhou Lusheng. Climate change analysis of source regions of Yangze river and Yellow river[J].Environment of Qinghai,1998,8（2）：73-77.[汪青春，周陆生.长江黄河源地气候变化诊断分析[J].青海环境，1998，8（2）：73-77.]
[3] Wang Genxu, Li Qi, Chen Guodong,et al. Climatic change and its impact on the eco-environment in the source region of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers in recent 40 years[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2001 , 23 (4) : 346-352.[王根绪，李琪，陈国栋，等.40a来江河源区的气候变化特征及其生态环境效应[J].冰川冻土，2001，23（4）：346-352.]
[4] Dong Lixin, Wang Wenke, Kong Jinling,et al. Supervise of eco-environmental change based on RS methods and causal analysis in Maduo county in Upriver regions of the Yellow river[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2005, 25(4): 68-72.[董立新，王文科，孔金玲，等.黄河上游玛多县生态环境变化遥感监测及成因分析[J].水土保持通报，2005，25（4）：68-72.]
[5] Li Sen, Gao Shangyu, Yang Ping,et al. Some problems of freeze-thaw desertification in the Tibetan plateau：A case study on the desertification regions of the western and northern plateau[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005, 27(4): 476-485.[李森，高尚玉，杨萍，等.青藏高原冻融荒漠化的若干问题——以藏西—藏北荒漠化区为例[J].冰川冻土，2005，27（4）：476-485.]
[6] Nan Zhuotong, Li Shuxun, Chen Guodong. Scenario prediction of the change of permafrost in Qianghai-Tibet plateau in future 50 and 100 years[J].China Science(Series:D),2004, 34(6): 528-534.[南卓铜，李述训，陈国栋.未来50与100a青藏高原多年冻土变化情景预测[J].中国科学：D辑，2004，34（6）：528-534.]
[7] Wang Yan, Zhao Zhizhong, Qiao Yansong ,et al. Characteristics of the climatic variatation in Zoige in the past 45 years and its effects on the ecoenvironment in the area[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2005, 11(4): 328-332.[王燕，赵志中，乔彦松，等.若尔盖45 年来的气候变化特征及其对当地生态环境的影响[J].地质力学学报,2005，44（4）：328-332.]
[8] Zhao Kuiyi, He Chiquan. The effect of human activities on Zoige wetland and its counter measures[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2000, 20(5): 444-449.[赵魁义，何池全.人类活动对若尔盖高原沼泽的影响与对策[J].地理科学,2000，20（5）：444-449.]
[9] He Chiquan, Zhao Kuiyi, Zhao Zhichun. Grassland degradation in Zoige wetland and its causal analysis[J].Grassland of China,2000,6: 11-16.[何池全，赵魁义，赵志春.若尔盖高原湿地草场退化成因分析及其保护利用[J].中国草地,2000，6：11-16.]
[10] Sheng Haiyang, Tian Ling. Study on grassland desertification in Ruoergai basin[J].Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Natural Sciences), 2006, 24(4): 16-20.[盛海洋，田玲.若尔盖盆地草地沙化研究[J].贵州师范大学学报，2006，24（4）：16-20.]
[11] Luo Lei. Analysis of climatic background of wetlands degradation in the Qinghai-Xizang plateau[J].Wetland Science,2005,3(3): 190-199.[罗磊.青藏高原湿地退化的气候背景分析[J].湿地科学，2005，3（3）：190-199.]
[12] Chai Xiu. Swamps of the Zoige Plateau[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1965.[柴岫.若尔盖高原的沼泽[M].北京：科学出版社1965.][13] Li Sen, Yang Ping, Gao Shangyu, et al. Dynamic changes and developmental trends of the land desertification in Tibetan plateau over the past 10 years[J].Advances in Earth Science,2004, 19（1）: 63-70.[李森，杨萍，高尚玉，等.近10 年西藏高原土地沙漠化动态变化与发展态势[J].地球科学进展，2004，19（1）：63-70.]
[14] Houghton J. Global Warming\[M\]. Beijing: Meteorological Press, 1995.[Houghton J.全球变暖[M].北京：气象出版社，1995.]
[15] Wang Shaoling. The frozen soil and environment surrounding Zoige plateau[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,1997, 19(1): 39-46.[王绍令.若尔盖高原及其周围山地的冻土和环境[J].冰川冻土，1997，19 (1) ：39-46.]
[16] Zhang Qi. Eco-system degradation of grassland in Ganzhi and research on its counter measures[J].Journal of Sichuan Grassland, 2003, (1): 32-34.[张骑.甘孜州退化草地生态系统综合治理对策研究[J].四川草原，2003，（1）：32-34.]
[17] Zhao Jian, Zhu Jianqing, Zhang Jie,et al. The management of degraded land and desertified land in Zoige[J].Journal of Sichuan Grassland,2004,98(1):13-16.[赵建，朱建清，张杰，等.若尔盖退化、沙化草地的治理[J].四川草原，2004,98(1):13-16.]
[18] Zhou Guojun, Li hua. Analysis of grassland desertification in Zoige and the research of its counter measures[J].Journal of Sichuan Grassland,2003, (1): 35-36.[周国军，李华.若尔盖草原沙化成因及治理对策研讨[J].四川草原，2003，（1）：35-36.]
[19] Luo Jianguo, Zheng Wenjing. Research on the present situation of desertification of grassland in Northwest Sichuan and its control meascures[J].Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology,2006, 27 (1): 63-66.[骆建国，郑文靖.川西北草地沙漠化现状与防治对策研究[J].四川林业科技，2006，27(1)：63-66.]
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
甘公网安备62010202000687
