收稿日期: 2009-02-18
修回日期: 2009-06-05
网络出版日期: 2009-07-10
基金资助
中国科学院西部行动计划（二期）项目“黑河流域遥感—地面观测同步试验与综合模拟平台建设”（编号：KZCX2-XB2-09-03）;中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目“黑河上游毒草的遥感监测与空间分布规律研究”（编号：CACXO728501001）;国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“陆表生态环境要素主被动遥感协同反演理论与方法”（编号：2007CB714401）资助.
Simultaneous Remote Sensing and Ground-based Experiment in the Heihe River Basin: Experiment of Forest Hydrology and Arid Region Hydrology in the Middle Reaches
Received date: 2009-02-18
Revised date: 2009-06-05
Online published: 2009-07-10
主要介绍了黑河流域遥感—地面观测同步试验（Watershed Allied Telemetry Experimental Research, WATER）的第二阶段，即以森林水文过程及中游干旱区生态水文过程为主要目标的中游试验。简要阐述了试验目标与研究内容，重点介绍了航空飞行试验、地面同步试验和加密观测试验的样方布置、数据获取与处理以及研究进展与展望。中游试验的核心研究内容是紧密围绕森林水文及中游干旱区水文的水循环问题开展航空遥感、地面同步观测试验和水文与生态参数加密观测试验，改善蒸散发反演模型和算法，探讨尺度转换方法。其中航空试验使用了微波辐射计、激光雷达（LiDAR）、高光谱成像仪、热红外成像仪和多光谱CCD相机5类传感器，飞行了17个架次和72个小时。
马明国 . 黑河流域遥感－地面观测同步试验：森林水文和中游干旱区水文试验[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009 , 24(7) : 681 -696 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2009.07.0681
The Watershed Allied Telemetry Experimental Research (WATER) is a simultaneous airborne, satellite-borne and ground based remote sensing experiment in the Heihe river basin, which is the second largest inland river basin in the arid region of northwest China. WATER consists of the cold region, forest, and arid region hydrological experiments and its field campaigns include two phases. The first phase is an intensive observation period lasting from March 7 to April 12 , 2008 for the cold region and the second phase is that from May 15 to July 22 for the forest and arid regions, 2008. The second step is introduced in this paper. The scientific objectives and research tasks are briefly reviewed. The airborne sensors include microwave radiometers at L, K and Ka bands, imaging spectrometer, thermal imager, CCD and LIDAR. Seventeen missions were performed with 72-hour flying time. Simultaneous observations were performed in the foci experimental areas which include Dayekou watershed, Pailugou watershed, Huazhaizi desert, Yingke oasis, Zhangye city, Linze grassland, Linze station transitional zone. The sampling protocol, data acquirement and preprocessing, research advance and prospects are introduced in detail for these airborne and ground simultaneous experiments.
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