收稿日期: 2008-05-05
修回日期: 2008-06-11
网络出版日期: 2008-07-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目“塔里木河下游生态安全与生态需水量研究”（编号：90502004）和“干旱区内陆河流域水文过程对全球气候变化的响应”（编号：40671014）；中国科学院西部行动计划项目“塔里木河流域水资源利用与综合管理试验示范研究”（编号:KZCX2-XB2-03）；中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目“新疆水资源的形成、转化与调控研究”（编号:KZCX2-YW-127）资助.
An Analysis of the Ecological Security and Ecological Water Requirements in the Inland River of Arid Region
Received date: 2008-05-05
Revised date: 2008-06-11
Online published: 2008-07-10
陈亚宁 , ；李卫红 , , 赵锐锋 , 叶朝霞 , ；陈亚鹏 , 郝兴明 . 干旱区内陆河流域的生态安全与生态需水量研究——兼谈塔里木河生态需水量问题[J]. 地球科学进展, 2008 , 23(7) : 732 -738 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.07.0732
Combined with the discussion of key scientific problems concerning ecological security and water requirement in arid region, the paper puts forward a fact that Arid inland river basin, hydrologically, represents a relative closed catchments and a self-existent hydro-ecosystem, in which the water and eco-environment are interrelated and controlled, and formed the main body of river ecosystem. The ecological security analysis on fragile ecosystems in arid inland river basin are centering on water processes. Water processes control the ecological processes and affect the stability of ecosystems directly. Water resources development and utilization and water cycle have an important impact on the function of ecosystems. The study of reasonable groundwater table for the restoration and growth of natural vegetation is the basis for the establishment of ecological water requirement, and the study of water requirement has a very important significant in both ecological security and water use in arid land. By demonstration analysis, the present ecological water requirement maintaining the ecological security in the Tarim River was estimated at 31.74×108m3, of which 9.95×108m3, 18.47×108m3 and 3.32×108m3 for the upper, middle and lower reaches, respectively.
[1] Wang Fang，Wang Hao，Chen Minjian，et al. A study of ecological water requirements in Northwest China Part II：Application of remote sensing and GIS [J]. Journal of Natural Resources，2002，17（2）：129-137.[王芳，王浩，陈敏建，等.中国西北地区生态需水研究（2）——基于遥感和地理信息系统技术的区域生态需水计算及分析[J].自然资源学报，2002，17（2）：129-137.]
[2] UNESCO. Eco-hydrology a New Paradigm for the Sustainable Use of Aquatic Resources [M]. IHP-V，theme 2，Paris，1997.
[3] Baird A J，Wilby R L，eds. Eco-hydrology: Plants and Water in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments [M]. London: Routledge，1999.
[4] Dennis Pirages. Demographic Change and Ecological Security [R]. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Environmental Change and Security Project Report Spring 1997.2003.
[5] Barnett J. The Meaning of Environmental Security [R]. Ecological Politics and Policy in the New Security，2001:192.
[6] Liu Changming. Study on the Ecological Construction and Ecological Water Requirement of the Northwestern of China [M]. Beijing:Science Press，2004.[刘昌明.西北地区生态环境建设区域配置与生态需水量研究[M].北京：科学出版社，2004.]
[7] Evenari M. Adaptations of plants and animals to the desert environment [C]∥Evenari M，et al，eds. Hot Deserts and Arid Shrublands. Ecosystems of the World 12A，Amsterdam: Elsevier，1985: 79-92.
[8] Horton J L. Physiological response to groundwater depth varies among species and with river flow regulation [J]. Ecological Applications，2001，11（4）: 1 046-1 059.
[9] Chen Yaing，Cui Wangcheng，Li Weihong，et al. Utilization of water resources and ecological protection in Tarim river [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica，2003，58（2）: 215-217.[陈亚宁，崔旺诚，李卫红，等.塔里木河的水资源利用与生态保护[J]. 地理学报，2003，58（2）：215-277.]
[10] Feng Qi. The research on vegetation growth in oasis of desert and groundwater table [J]. Journal of Desert Research，1998，18（suppl.Ⅰ）:107-109.[冯起.荒漠绿洲植被生长与地下水位的研究[J].中国沙漠，1998，18（增刊Ⅰ）：107-109.]
[11] Chen Yaning，Chen Yapeng，Li Weihong，et al. Response of the accumulation of proline in the bodies of Populus euphratica to the change of ground water level at the lower reaches of Tarim river [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin，2003，48（18）:1 995-1 999.
[12] Chen Yaning，Wang Qiang，Li Weihong，et al. Rational groundwater table indicated by the ecophysiological parameters of the vegetation：A case study of ecological restoration in the lower reaches of the Tarim River [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin，2006，51（suppl.）：8-15.
[13] Chen Yaning，Zhang Xiaolei，Zhu Xiangmin，et al. Analysis on the ecological benefits of the steram water conveyance to the dried-up river of the lower reaches of Tarim River，China [J]. Science in China（Series D），2004，47（11）：1 053-1 064.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
甘公网安备62010202000687
