随着北斗三号全球卫星导航系统16颗组网中圆地球轨道（MEO）卫星的发射成功与新信号的播发，北斗正式进入全球系统的建设阶段，同时国际全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）监测评估系统（iGMAS）也在对北斗三号系统，从卫星端到地面接收端等各方面的运行性能，进行系统测试和评估。对12颗北斗三号MEO卫星上播发的新信号B1C和B2a的观测数据质量，在数据完整率、多路径误差、伪距噪声和载噪比等4个方面进行分析评估，并与全球定位系统（GPS）和伽利略（GALILEO）系统进行比较分析。结果表明，北斗三号系统内B1C的观测数据完整率优于B2a，多路径误差、伪距噪声和载噪比B2a信号优于B1C，北斗三号12颗MEO卫星的工作性能相当，即北斗三号在各卫星建设中的一致性与统一性。伪距噪声方面北斗三号较GPS和GALILEO略大，观测数据完整率、多路径误差和载噪比等方面北斗三号则与GPS和GALILEO相当。

With the successful launch of the 16 MEO satellites of the Beidou-3 global satellite navigation system and the broadcast of new signals, Beidou officially entered the global construction stage, while the international GNSS monitoring and assessment system (iGMAS) is also performing systematic testing and evaluation on various aspects of operational performance from satellite end to ground receiving end of Beidou-3 system. This paper analyzes and evaluates the observation quality of new signals B1C and B2a broadcasted by the 12 new Beidou-3 MEO satellites on the observation data integrity rate, multipath error, pseudorange noise and carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) compared with GPS and GALILEO. The results show that the observation data integrity rate of B1C signal is better than that of B2a signal in the Beidou-3 system. In the aspects of multipath error, pseudorange noise and CNR, B2a signal are better than B1C. The performances of the 12 MEO satellites of Beidou-3 are equivalent, that is, Beidou-3 the consistency of satellites can be guatenteed. In terms of pseudo-range noise, Beidou-3 is slightly worse than GPS and GALILEO While the observation data integrity rate, multipath error and CNR of Beidou-3 are equivalent to GPS and GALILEO.