中国陆域地震灾害的时空分布格局

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2011.05.0548

地球科学进展 ›› 2011, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 548 -555. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2011.05.0548

中国陆域地震灾害的时空分布格局

杨格格 ^1,2，杨艳昭 ¹，游珍 ¹，张小咏 ³

1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京100101;2.首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院，北京100048；3.中国地震应急搜救中心，北京100049

收稿日期:2010-06-13 修回日期:2011-02-24 出版日期:2011-05-10
通讯作者: 杨艳昭(1977-), 女,辽宁朝阳人, 副研究员，主要从事区域人口与资源环境可持续性研究. E-mail:yangyz@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“使用多源卫星遥感数据监测震前热异常”（编号：41071280）；国家科技支撑计划项目“汶川地震灾区快速恢复重建实用技术示范”(编号：2008BAK47B00)资助.

The Temporal and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Earthquake Disaster in Chinese Mainland

Yang Gege ^1,2, Yang Yanzhao ¹, You Zhen ¹, Zhang Xiaoyong ³

1.Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing100101, China;2.College of Resource Environment and Tourist, Capital Normal University, Beijing100048,China;3.National Earthquake Response Support Service, Beijing100049,China

Received:2010-06-13 Revised:2011-02-24 Online:2011-05-10 Published:2011-05-10

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通过对近60年来中国陆域地震灾害信息的搜集与整理，建立了1949—2009年中国陆域地震灾害信息数据库，编制了中国5.0级以上地震灾害图谱库。在此基础上，从不同时空尺度定量分析了近60年来中国地震灾害的时空分布格局。研究表明：①近60年来中国累计发生5.0级以上地震灾害1 679次，年代际变化显著，70年代是中国地震灾害发生频次最高的时期；②中国地震灾害年际变化具有明显活跃和平静交替的周期性，幅度较大，其中，1950年、1966年、1976年、1988年、2008年为地震发生的活跃期；③中国地震灾害空间分异格局显著，60年来西部地区地震灾害达1 547次，占全国的92.14%，是中国地震灾害的高发区域；④中国分省地震灾害差异明显，其中西藏、新疆、云南、四川和青海等省（区）是中国地震灾害的主要发生省份；⑤近60年来中国地震灾害震中分布重心均位于青海省(90°～99°E，33°～36°N)，迁移幅度较小。

关键词: 地震灾害, 图谱, 分布格局

This paper comprehensively analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution pattern of earthquake disaster in Mainland China over sixty years from various time and space scales. Based on the investigation of 1679 records of earthquakes with Ms above 5.0 within China from 1949 to 2009, earthquake disaster database of Mainland China has been created, and a series of geographic maps of earthquake disaster have also been compiled. The results show that decadal variation has notable fluctuations, and the Seventies of last century is the period when earthquake disasters happened most frequently. Annual variation is obviously periodically alternating between the active and quiet, and 1950,1966,1976,1988 and 2008 are the active years in the meanwhile. To the spatial distribution of earthquakes, the difference between East and West China is very clear. Among those sixty years, the earthquake disasters happened 1 547 times in the western part of China, which takes 92.14% of the total number. In addition, the differences among provinces are also eminents. The earthquakes mainly happened in Tibet, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Sichuan and Qinghai provinces. The epicenters of earthquakes with Ms above 5.0 in each decade all locate in Qinghai province in the region with longitude of 90~99°E and latitude of 33°~36° N, which indicates that migration rates of the epicenters are small.

Key words: Earthquake disaster, Mapping, Distribution pattern

中图分类号:

P316

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