贵州坝子现代农业功能分布特征研究

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.09.0962

地球科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 962 -973. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.09.0962

贵州坝子现代农业功能分布特征研究

陈会 ¹(

),李阳兵 ¹(

),唐家发 ²

1. 贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院，贵州贵阳 550001
2. 贵州省开阳县米坪乡生态保护站，贵州贵阳 550001

收稿日期:2019-08-12 修回日期:2019-09-04 出版日期:2019-09-10
通讯作者: 李阳兵 E-mail:chen_hui199307@163.com;li-yapin@ sohu.com;li-yapin@sohu.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“岩溶山地乡村坝子土地利用多功能性识别及其时空演化与机理研究——以贵州为例”(41661020)

Study on Distribution Characteristics of Modern Agricultural Function of Basins in Guizhou, China

Hui Chen ¹( ),Yangbing Li ¹( ),Jiafa Tang ²

1. School of Geography and Environmental Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001，China
2. Miping Township Ecological Protection Station, Kaiyang County, Guiyang 550001, China

Received:2019-08-12 Revised:2019-09-04 Online:2019-09-10 Published:2019-11-15
Contact: Yangbing Li E-mail:chen_hui199307@163.com;li-yapin@ sohu.com;li-yapin@sohu.com
About author:Chen Hui (1993-), female, Bijie City, Guizhou Province, Master student. Research areas include land use function evolution of basin. E-mail: chen_hui199307@163.com
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China "Research on the multifuntional land use;spatial-temporal evolving characteristics and driving mechanism of rural flatlands in karst mountains —A case study of Guizhou Province"(41661020)

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农业现代化是乡村发展的引擎，而贵州地貌以山地和丘陵为主，利于现代农业发展的平坝区少，研究坝子现代农业功能分布可以为贵州农业产业结构调整提供科学参考。利用ArcGIS10.2对2016年高清遥感影像进行解译，识别贵州省现代农业功能地块与现代农业功能坝子，利用核密度、双变量局域空间自相关分别分析地块、坝子个数空间分布特征、地块与坝子的局域空间自相关关系。结果表明： $①$ 遵义市、黔南州和毕节市现代农业功能地块面积与个数均位于全省前三，且地块与坝子区域空间自相关关系最为强烈； $②$ 坝子在遵义市播州区与红花岗区交汇处形成一个高密度核心区，地块在惠水县、长顺县、平坝区与花溪区交汇处形成一个高密度核心区; $③$ 地块面积与坝子面积呈强正相关关系； $④$ 地块占所在坝子比例为0~10%。

关键词: 现代农业功能, 坝子, 地块, 土地利用方式

Agricultural modernization is the engine of rural development. Guizhou's landforms are mainly mountainous and hilly areas and there are few basins that are conducive to the development of modern agriculture. Therefore, the study of the modern agricultural function distribution of basins can provide scientific reference for the adjustment of Guizhou's agricultural industrial structure. This research used ArcGIS 10.2 to interpret the high-definition remote sensing images from 2016 to identify modern agricultural functional plots and modern agricultural functional basins in Guizhou Province, and used kernel density and bivariate local spatial autocorrelation to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the plots and basins, and the local spatial autocorrelation between the plots and the basins. The results show that: i. The area and number of modern agricultural functional plots in Zunyi Municipality, Qian Nan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, and Bijie Municipality are all within the first three columns in the whole province, and the spatial autocorrelation between plot and basin area is the strongest; ii. The basins form a high-density core area at the intersection of Bozhou District and Honghuagang District in Zunyi Municipality. The plots form a high-density core area at the intersection of Huishui County, Changshun County, Pingba District and Huaxi District; iii. There is a strong positive correlation between the area of the plots and the area of the basins; iv. The proportion of the plot in the basin is mainly between 0 and 10%.

Key words: Modern agricultural function, Basin, Plot, Land use types.

中图分类号:

P963

表1 现代农业功能识别

Table 1 Modern agricultural function identification

土地利用方式	遥感影像示例	特征
规则设施农业用地		地块规整、规则，地块内有明显的道路、沟渠等基础设施,地块界限明显人为修整、分割
大棚设施农业用地		由一个个大棚组成，整齐排列、成片分布
地膜设施农业用地		地块边界不规则，但集中连片覆盖地膜设施
经果林		树木个体排列规则、清晰，有明显人工种植的痕迹

表1 现代农业功能识别

Table 1 Modern agricultural function identification

土地利用方式	遥感影像示例	特征
规则设施农业用地		地块规整、规则，地块内有明显的道路、沟渠等基础设施,地块界限明显人为修整、分割
大棚设施农业用地		由一个个大棚组成，整齐排列、成片分布
地膜设施农业用地		地块边界不规则，但集中连片覆盖地膜设施
经果林		树木个体排列规则、清晰，有明显人工种植的痕迹

图1 现代农业功能地块实地调查示例

Fig.1 Example of field survey of modern agricultural functional plots

表2 坝子与地块面积等级分类

Table 2 Area classification of basins and plots

等级	坝子面积区间/km²	地块面积区间/km²	地块与坝子面积比例区间/%
等级1	0.0047≤S<1	0.0047≤S₁<0.1	0~10
等级2	1≤S<2	0.1≤S₁<0.2	10~20
等级3	2≤S<3	0.2≤S₁<0.3	20~30
等级4	3≤S<4	0.3≤S₁<0.4	30~40
等级5	4≤S<5	0.4≤S₁<0.5	40~50
等级6	5≤S<6	0.5≤S₁<0.6	50~60
等级7	6≤S<7	0.6≤S₁<0.7	60~70
等级8	7≤S<8	0.7≤S₁<0.8	70~80
等级9	8≤S<9	0.8≤S₁<0.9	80~90
等级10	9≤S	0.9≤S₁	90~100

表2 坝子与地块面积等级分类

Table 2 Area classification of basins and plots

等级	坝子面积区间/km²	地块面积区间/km²	地块与坝子面积比例区间/%
等级1	0.0047≤S<1	0.0047≤S₁<0.1	0~10
等级2	1≤S<2	0.1≤S₁<0.2	10~20
等级3	2≤S<3	0.2≤S₁<0.3	20~30
等级4	3≤S<4	0.3≤S₁<0.4	30~40
等级5	4≤S<5	0.4≤S₁<0.5	40~50
等级6	5≤S<6	0.5≤S₁<0.6	50~60
等级7	6≤S<7	0.6≤S₁<0.7	60~70
等级8	7≤S<8	0.7≤S₁<0.8	70~80
等级9	8≤S<9	0.8≤S₁<0.9	80~90
等级10	9≤S	0.9≤S₁	90~100

图2 坝子与地块在各面积等级的个数分布

Fig.2 Distribution of the number of basins and plots at each area level

图3 贵州省坝子与地块数量分布
黔南州：黔南布依族苗族自治州；黔东南州：黔东南苗族侗族自治州；黔西南州：黔西南布依族苗族自治州

Fig.3 Distribution of basins and plots in Guizhou Province
Qiannan Autonmous Prefecture: Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture;Qian Dongnan Autonomous Prefecture:Qian Dongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture;Qian Xinan Autonomous Prefecture:Qian Xinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

图4 贵州省坝子与地块的空间位置分布

Fig.4 Spatial location distribution of basins and plots in Guizhou Province

图5 坝子核密度与地块核密度空间分布

Fig.5 Spatial distribution of kernel density of basins and plots

表3 地块面积与坝子面积相关性分析

Table 3 Analysis of the area correlation between plots and basins

类型		结果
坝子面积与地块面积	Pearson 相关性	1	0.702^**
	显著性（双侧）		0.000
	N	456	456

表3 地块面积与坝子面积相关性分析

Table 3 Analysis of the area correlation between plots and basins

类型		结果
坝子面积与地块面积	Pearson 相关性	1	0.702^**
	显著性（双侧）		0.000
	N	456	456

图6 地块与坝子的面积比例分布变化

Fig.6 Proportion of the distribution of the area of the plot and the basin

图7 地块与坝子局域空间自相关图

Fig.7 Local spatial autocorrelation map of plots and basins

图8 遵义市、毕节市和黔南州地块分布驱动机制图

Fig.8 Driving mechanism map of the distribution of plots in Zunyi City,Bijie City and Qiannan autonmous prefecture

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