ENSO-7赤道西太平洋异常纬向风所驱动的热带太平洋次表层海温距平的循环

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2002.05.0631

地球科学进展 ›› 2002, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (5): 631 -638. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2002.05.0631

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ENSO-7赤道西太平洋异常纬向风所驱动的热带太平洋次表层海温距平的循环

李崇银,穆明权

中国科学院大气物理所LASG国家重点实验室，北京 100029

收稿日期:2002-07-18 修回日期:2002-08-14 出版日期:2002-12-20
通讯作者: 李崇银（1940-）,男，四川达州人，研究员, 中国科学院院士，主要从事大气动力学、热带气象和气候动力学等方面的研究.E-mail:lcy@lasg.iap.ac.cn E-mail:lcy@lasg.iap.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目“我国重大气候和天气灾害的形成机理和预测理论研究”（编号：G19980409003）;国家科技攻关计划（2001BA603B-04）共同资助.

A FURTHER INQUIRY ON ESSENCE OF THE ENSO CYCLE

LI Chong-yin, MU Ming-quan

LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2002-07-18 Revised:2002-08-14 Online:2002-12-20 Published:2002-10-01

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近几年的一系列分析研究表明，ENSO与异常东亚冬季风之间有相互影响，持续的强（弱）东亚冬季风通过引起赤道西太平洋地区的西（东）风异常对El Niño/La Niña的发生起着重要作用；赤道太平洋次表层海温异常（SOTA）的年际变化（循环）与ENSO发生有密切关系；ENSO的真正源在西太平洋暖池，暖池正（负）SOTA沿赤道温跃层东传到东太平洋，便导致El Niño/La Niña的爆发；在暖池正（负）SOTA沿赤道东传的同时，有负（正）SOTA沿10°N和10°S纬度带向西传播，从而构成SOTA的循环；热带太平洋SOTA循环的驱动者是赤道西太平洋的异常纬向风。进而可以认为：ENSO实质上是主要由异常东亚季风引起的赤道西太平洋异常纬向风所驱动的热带太平洋次表层海温距平的年际循环。

关键词: 次表层海温异常（SOTA）, ENSO循环, 东亚季风异常, 纬向风异常, 年际循环

Based on scientific theory—the ENSO results from air-sea interaction in the tropical Pacific, the analyses and CGCM simulation showed that there is interaction between the ENSO and anomalous East-Asian winter monsoon, the continued strong (weak) East-Asian winter monsoon plays an important role in the occurrence of El Niño (La Niña) through causing the westerly (easterly) wind anomalies over the equatorial western Pacific; the ENSO is closely related to the subsurface ocean temperature anomalies (SOTA) in the western Pacific warm pool and its evolution. There is always positive (negative) SOTA in the warm pool region prior to the occurrence of El Nino (La Nina) event, but after the occurrence of El Niño (La Niña), there is negative (positive) SOTA. The precedence of ENSO is exactly in the western Pacific warm pool and the occurrence of ENSO is directly related to the SOTA in the warm pool and its eastward propagation along the equatorial thermocline. The SOTA in the tropical Pacific has very clear interannual cycle. The cycle consists of eastward propagating positive SOTA along the equator and the associated westward propagation of negative SOTA along 10°N and 10°S latitudes; then the eastward propagation of negative SOTA along the equator is also associated to the westward propagation of positive SOTA along 10°N and 10°S latitudes. The analyses still show that the eastward propagation of SOTA along the equator is directly related to anomalous zonal wind over the equatorial western Pacific, which is mainly caused by anomalous East-Asian winter monsoon. Therefore, it can be suggested that the atmospheric circulation anomaly in the middle latitude, particularly the anomaly of winter monsoon in East Asia, plays an important role in the ENSO occurrence; i.e., the ENSO is exactly the cycle of subsurface ocean temperature anomalies in the tropical Pacific driven by anomalous zonal wind over the equatorial western Pacific caused mainly by anomalous East-Asian monsoon.

Key words: Zonal wind anomaly, ENSO cycle, East-Asian monsoon anomaly, Subsurface ocean temperature anomaly (SOTA), Interannual cycle.

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