In recently years, the theory of Metropolitan Region has greatly influenced the development of the theory of urbanization in China. Studies of the urbanization in western part of China, will mean much to the development of the whole western part, to the carrying out of the scientific views of development, and to the strategy of sustainable development throughout the country. The theory puts up the value of guidelines for the urbanization, especially for the development of the central cities of the area. This paper analyzed the practicability and future of the planning and the contribution of the Metropolitan Regions, in western China, by discussing the possibility of the Metropolitan Region of Lanzhou through the rational comparative analysis on the sustainable development conditions between Lanzhou and other provincial capitals in western China, evaluating the level of the Metropolitan Region of Lanzhou, and proposing the developing strategy of the Metropolitan Region of Lanzhou for example.