The study of evolution of Hominin (>10,000 years ago) diets is one of important components to explore the origin and evolution of human beings. Bone chemistry analysis has been proved to be not only one of main methods but also one of the most effective methods to study Hominin diets. After brief introduction of principles of bone chemistry analysis, this paper presents how to apply it to reconstruct the diets of the Hominin (Australopithecines, Homo, Neanderthals, European anatomically modern human), and reveals the dietary evolution from the Australopithecines to Homo on the basis of comparison with the chimpanzee diets as the proxy for the earliest human ancestor as well as how palaeodietary evolution has deep impact on human evolution. In addition, two important problems and the solutions to deal with them in the studies are also presented. At last, the reviews on Hominin diet studies in China and perspectives for further study in the future are discussed.