Soil is the loose surficial layer of the solid earth surface in which there is life activities, mass cycles and energy excpanges between living things and environment.It is both independent historical-natural system and natural resource which provides food for human beings and is easily influenced by human activities. It is important that scientific exploitation and utilization of soil in the national economy construction, especially in agricultural preduce and environment amelionation. As the science of studing the motion law of materials in soil and the relationship between soil and environment, soil science is one of the basic desciplines of agricultural science and resource and environmental sciences.This report analyses thedevelopmental trends of pedology and the major problems in the developmental of pedology in China, put forwards the focal study domains in the near,prospects the future development of pedology, and put forths the measurements improving the development of pedology.