The research of the climate and the environmental information in snow and ice can reveal the climate and environmental characteristics of modern times to contemporary, and even reveal that over the last hundreds thousand years, but also through a combination of modern meteorological records, to improve the capacity of predicting the future climate change. Snow and ice plays an important role in the studies of the past global changes; the ice core research is also an extremely important area in studying the past global changes. The record of chemical composition in snow and ice provide a direct or indirect basis for global change research, such as climate change, biogeochemical cycle. Human activities, geological and cosmic events and many other scientific proposition′s study. These records include the stable isotopes, heavy metals, particulates, aerosols, black carbon, ion. The ion chemical study of snow and ice has an important position. To analyze the uncertainty in detecting the anion in snow and ice by ion chromatography, find out the factors which influence the uncertainty , evaluate the uncertainty and give out the uncertainty of evaluation which faithfully reflects metrical credibility and accuracy.