The synthesis report, ecosystems and human well-being: opportunities and challenges for business and industry, was briefly introduced in this paper. This report indicates: ① Business interact with ecosystem and ecosystem services in two important ways: they use services and they contribute to ecosystem change. ② During the past 50 years (1950-2000), ecosystems have changed seriously and which are having or will have profoundly negative impacts on business, meanwhile, important ecosystem changes relevant to business will inevitably occur in the next 50 years. ③ Unprecedented changes in ecosystems and ecosystem services have caught great attention of governments, and the development of business will receive more regulatory constraints associated with ecosystem management. ④ To achieve a long sustainable development, business must systematically recognize important changes in ecosystems and ecosystem services and attendant opportunities and challenges, and adjust development strategies correspondingly.