Agricultural modernization is the engine of rural development. Guizhou's landforms are mainly mountainous and hilly areas and there are few basins that are conducive to the development of modern agriculture. Therefore, the study of the modern agricultural function distribution of basins can provide scientific reference for the adjustment of Guizhou's agricultural industrial structure. This research used ArcGIS 10.2 to interpret the high-definition remote sensing images from 2016 to identify modern agricultural functional plots and modern agricultural functional basins in Guizhou Province, and used kernel density and bivariate local spatial autocorrelation to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the plots and basins, and the local spatial autocorrelation between the plots and the basins. The results show that: i. The area and number of modern agricultural functional plots in Zunyi Municipality, Qian Nan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, and Bijie Municipality are all within the first three columns in the whole province, and the spatial autocorrelation between plot and basin area is the strongest; ii. The basins form a high-density core area at the intersection of Bozhou District and Honghuagang District in Zunyi Municipality. The plots form a high-density core area at the intersection of Huishui County, Changshun County, Pingba District and Huaxi District; iii. There is a strong positive correlation between the area of the plots and the area of the basins; iv. The proportion of the plot in the basin is mainly between 0 and 10%.