Role of solar activity on modern climate change, particularly in the decadalscale is an important scientific issue. This paper reviews the recent observation of decadal solar signal in earth#cod#x02019;s climate, with focus on the mechanism of solar radiation, ultraviolet radiation and cosmic rays on climate system ,and its validation. The paper points out that the assessment of uncertainty in observations, amplification process of the climate system, as well as possible future impact of solar extreme events are challenges in the present study. Finally, the keys of breakthrough are pointed, to provide a reference for future research.