The quality of the ecological environment correlated very well with the density of the terrestrial heat flow in the western China. The ecological environment is excellent and the biodiversity is the best in the southern part of western China where heat flow from interior of the earth is quite high; while ecological environment is very bad, the ecologic system is fragile and desertification is serious in the northern part of western China where heat flow from interior of the earth is quite low. The pulse fluctuation of terrestrial heat flow may affect the background thermal pattern of the underlying surface of the atmospheric systemand the movement of airflow, so as to affect the spatial distribution of rainfall and humidity of the regional climate. At the same time, as one of the heat energy source of the ground ecosystem, the terrestrial heat flow defines the lowerlimit of the energy supply of the ecosystem in the region and is considered to be an important limiting factor for species in the process of ecologic evolution, which may constrain the biodiversity of the ecosystem in some region and thus affect the robustness of the regional ecosystem. The study on the mechanism of how the terrestrial heat flow affect the development and evolution of the ecosystem, will provide scientific basis and technical support for the human being to interfere the evolution of the ground ecosystem rationally and restore or reconstruct the degraded ecosystem. Some new idea and important proposals for the control and improvement of ecologic environment in western China were put forward in the paper.