In this paper, we take the oasis shelterforest system in Hexi as the research object, analyze the spacetime feature of the distribution of forest resources of shelterforest and the growth dynamic of established populations. By using the theory of biological control, we construct the maximum sustainable output model of the biological resources management, the optimal control model under the meaning of ecological economics, and the control model of multi resource populations. 
 The optimal control model in perspective of ecological economy is:
  State equation: dx/dt=rx(1-x/k)-u（t）  Restrictive condition:x≥ k/2，u_min≤u（t）≤u_max；
  Target function: J（u）=∫^+∝₀e^-δt（P-C（x）)u（t）dt
 Here is the resource population size;  dx/dt represents the growth rate of population; r and  k are intrinsic rate of increase and carrying capacity, respectively;  is control variable; and others are model coefficients.
 The twodimension optimal control model of multiresources population is:
State equation: dx_i/dt=r_ix_i（1-x_i/k_i）-k_iEx_i，（i=1，2）
Restrictive condition：x_i≥0，（i=1，2），E_min≤E≤E_max
Target function: J（E）=∫^+∞₀e^-δt[P₁k₁x₁+P₂k₂x₂-C］E（t）dt
 Where  x_i and dx_i /dt are, respectively, the size and growth rate of the resource population ; i; r_i and  k_i are its intrinsic growth rate and carrying capacity, E=E（t） respectively; represents the combine control variable.
Based on observation and experiments, the criteria of resource protection and the optimal population level and the measure of artificial regulation are given. The protection index of Populus gansuensis' breasthigh diameter is k/2=18.22 cm. We also calculate the optimal control variables of breast high diameter under different costprice ratio. Furthermore, the ecological water requirement of oasis shelter forest and the strategy sustainable development are proposed, in which the ecological required water quantity of crop field is 1 796 m³/hm²and the one of sand fixation and sand prevention woods is 57 100 m³/hm².