Using paleobotanic and paleofauna data as indirect evidence and periglacial data as direct evidence, we believe that the southern limit of permafrost was located at 39 - 40°N, the climate changed considerably both in the temperature and precipitation, which greatly influenced the migration and distribution of botany, fauna hunam beings during Holocene. The temperaure is 1 - 2 C higher during Hypsitherma and 2. 0 - 2. 5 C lower during little ice than today. In addation, the lower limit of permafrost and highth of mountain snow line changed obiviously to today.