地球科学进展 ›› 2006, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (10): 991 -998. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2006.10.0991

973项目研究进展    下一篇

“黄河流域水资源演化规律与可再生性维持机理”研究进展
刘昌明   
  1. 1.北京师范大学教育部水沙科学重点实验室,北京 100875;2.中国科学院陆地水循环与地表过程重点实验室,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2006-07-17 修回日期:2006-07-24 出版日期:2006-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘昌明 E-mail:liucm@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“黄河流域水资源演化规律与可再生性维持机理”(编号:G19990436)资助.

A Study of Evolutionary Laws and Maintaining Mechanism of Renewable Capacity of the Yellow River’s Water Resources

Liu Changming   

  1. 1.Key Labortory of Water and Sediment Science, MOE, at Water Science College, BNU,Beijing 100875,China;2.Key Labortory of Land Water Cycle and Surface Processes, CAS, at IGSNRR, CAS,Beijing 100101,China
  • Received:2006-07-17 Revised:2006-07-24 Online:2006-10-15 Published:2006-10-15

黄河是中国第二条大河,流域面积80万km2,它曾是中华民族文化的摇篮。当前在中国西部大开发中具有举足轻重的重要战略地位。但是黄河流域地处中国的半干旱与半湿润地带,流域的水资源量先天不足,流域内的人均水资源占有量很少,相当全国人均水资源占有量的1/3。由于气候的暖干变化与人类活动的影响,过去30年来,黄河下游与其主要支流频繁地发生了断流,这种发展的征兆不仅加剧了脆弱的水资源供应与需求的平衡,而且给流域上、中、下游原有生态系统与环境带来更大的冲击。黄河的治理终归是涉及国家稳定和国家安全的大事。因此,1999年科技部在“国家重点基础研究发展规划”中立项,启动了5年研究项目“黄河流域水资源演化规律与可再生性维持机理”。作者作为项目的首席科学家根据项目各课题已发表的近900篇论文与几十部专著等大量成果,简要概括了黄河水资源的基础性、技术性和应用性研究等三大方面的进展。

The Yellow River is China's second largest river with a drainage area of about 800,000 km2 and it has been seen as a cradle of Chinese civilization. Now it serves as one of the main theatres for the on-going national campaign to develop the western hinterland of the country. The river basin lies mainly in the semi-arid and semi-humid climatic zones where water resources are congenitally deficient. Per capita water volume in the basin is less 1/3 than that of national average. Due to the impact of both warm-dry scenarios of climate and human activities, frequent dried-up of its lower reach main-courses and main tributaries have occurred in the last 30 years. The ominous development not only aggravates the fragile balance of water demand and water supply in the-basin, but also brings in more impacts on the native eco-system and the environment along the river's reaches. The river's harnessing used to be a state affair of vital importance for a national stability in terms of national security. Since 1999, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China has set up a five-year project in the National Development Program for Key Basic Science Research, as is called “973 Program”. The author of this paper, as chief scientist of the project, summarized major research outcomes on the basis of about 800 papers and tens of monographs published recently. A stack of the research achievements from the project can be recapitulated by three kinds of the highlights, namely progresses in theory, technology and application to the Yellow river.

中图分类号: 

[1] Liu C, Zheng H. Changes of hydrological cycle elements of second half 20 century in the Yellow River basin [J]. Hydrological Processes, 2004, 18(12):2 337-2 345.

[2] Liu Changming, Zhang Xuecheng. Causal analysis on actual water flow reduction in the mainstream of the Yellow River [J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004,59(3):323-330. [刘昌明,张学成.黄河干流实际来水量不断减少的成因分析[J].地理学报, 2004,59(3): 323-330.]

[3] Yang Zhifeng, Shen Zhenyao, Li Chunhui, et al. The Basic Theory and Assessment of Water Resources in the Yellow River Basin[M]. Zhengzhou: Yellow River Conservancy Press,2005.[杨志峰,沈珍瑶,李春晖,.黄河流域水资源可再生性基本理论与评价[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社, 2005.]

[4] Ni Jinren, Qian Zhenghan. Functional no-flow events and their identification in the Lower Yellow River [J]. Science in China(Series E), 2002, 45(5):449-457.

[5] Wang Hao, Wang Jianhua, Qin Dayong. Research advances and direction on the theory and practice of reasonable water resources allocation[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2004,15(1):123-128.[王浩,王建华,秦大庸.流域水资源合理配置的研究进展与发展方向[J].水科学进展, 2004,15(1):123-128.]

[6] Chen Jingsheng, He Dawei. The response of river water quality and quantity to the development of irrigated agriculture in the last four decades in the Yellow River Basin, China [J]. Water Resource Research,2003, 39(3):1 047-1 057.

[7] Ni Jinren, Wang Yudong, Qian Zhenghan, et al. On the variation of water resources conversion structure in the Lower Yellow River[J]. Science in China (Series E),2004,34(suppl.I): 103-116.

[8] Yao Wenyi, Li Wenxue, Hou Zhijun, et al. Channel shrinkage and its disaster-causing mechanism in the Lower Yellow River[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(3):257-264. [姚文艺,李文学,侯志军,.黄河下游河道萎缩致灾机理探讨[J].水利学报, 2005,36(3):257-264. ]

[9] Hu Chunhong, Guo Qingchao, Chen Jianguo. Research on debase the height of Tongguan [J]. Journal of China Institute of Water Respirces and Hydropower Research,2003,1(1):30-35.[胡春宏,郭庆超,陈建国.降低潼关高程途径的研究[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2003,1(1):30-35.]

[10] Lin Xueyu, Wang Jinsheng. The Groundwater Resources and Its Renewability [M]. Zhengzhou: Yellow River Conservancy Press,2006:297.[林学钰,王金生.黄河流域地下水资源及其可更新能力研究[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2006:297.]

[11] Tong Chunsheng, Liu Junping, Huang Qiang, et al. Jieke analysis of river basin water resources management system [J]. Journal of Irrigsyion snd Drsinage,2004,23(1):21-25.[佟春生,刘俊萍,黄强,.流域水资源管理体制的界壳分析[J].灌溉排水学报, 2004,23(1):21-25.]

[12] Liu Changming,Zheng Hongxing, Wang Zhonggen, et al. Distributed Simulation of Catchment Water Cycle [M]. Zhengzhou: Yellow River Conservancy Press,2006. [刘昌明,郑红星,王中根,.流域水循环分布式模拟[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2006.]

[13] Yang Shengtian, Liu Changming. The soil water remote sensing computations and analyses of water cycle in the Yellow River Basin [J]. Science in China(Series E),2004,34(suppl.):1-12. [杨胜天,刘昌明.黄河流域土壤水分遥感计算及水循环过程分析[J].中国科学:E, 2004, 34(增刊):1-12.]

[14] Wang Hao, Qin Dayong, Wang Jianhua. The advance of the modeling on the water cycling progress in the multi-scale region and dual water cycling model [C]Liu Changming, Chen Xiaoguo, eds. The Eolving Law and Maintaining Mechanic of Renewable Ability of Water Resources in Yellow River Basin. Zhengzhou: Yellow River Conservancy Press,2001,4:34-42.[王浩,秦大庸,王建华.多尺度区域水循环过程模拟与二元水循环模式的研究[C]刘昌明,陈效国主编.黄河流域水资源演化规律与可再生性维持机理研究和进展.郑州:黄河水利出版社,2001, 4:34-42.]

[15] Wang Zhaoyin, Wang Guangqian, Gao Qing. An ecological dynamics model of vegetation evolution in erosion area[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2003, 23(1): 98-105.[王兆印,王光谦,高菁.侵蚀地区植被生态动力学模型[J].生态学报, 2003, 23(1):98-105.]

[16] Yang Zhifeng, Cui Baoshan, Liu Jingling. The Theory, Methods and Practices of Eco-environmental Water Needed [M]. Beijing: Science Press,2003.[杨志峰,崔保山,刘静玲.生态环境需水量理论、方法与实践[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.]

[17] Hao Fanghua, Zhang Xuesong, Yang Zhifeng. A distributed non-point source pollution model: Calibration and validation in the Yellow river basin[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2004,16(4):646-650.

[18] Su Xiaosi, Lin Xueyu, Liao Zisheng, et al. Variation of isotopes in the Yellow River along the flow path and its affecting factors[J]. Geochimica,2003, 32(3):349-357.[苏小四,林学钰,廖资生,.黄河水18O,D3H的沿程变化特征及其影响因素研究[J].地球化学, 2003,32(3):349-357.]

[19] Chang Jianxia, Huang Qiang, Wang Yimin. Synergy methodology for multi-objective operational control of reservoirs in Yellow River basin[J]. Science in China(Series E), 2004, 47(z1):212-223.

[20] Xue Xiaojie, Huang Qiang, Hui Yanghe, et al. Water requirement prediction of Yellow river basin based on RBFNN and EGA[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2002,16(3):83-85. [薛小杰,黄强,惠泱河,. 基于径向基函数神经网络与改进遗传算法的黄河流域需水预测[J]. 水土保持学报, 2002,16(3):83-85.]

[21] Liu Changming, Zeng Yan. Atlas of Meteorological-Hydrological Elements in the Yellow River Basin[M]. Zhengzhou: Yellow River Conservancy Press,2004.[刘昌明, 曾燕. 黄河流域气象水文学要素图集[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2004.]

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