渤海湾风暴潮倒灌对沿岸农田土壤盐分的影响

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2006.02.0157

地球科学进展 ›› 2006, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 157 -160. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2006.02.0157

“土地利用/覆盖变化与综合减灾”专辑上一篇下一篇

渤海湾风暴潮倒灌对沿岸农田土壤盐分的影响

张国明 ^1,2,顾卫 ^1,2,吴之正 ³,史培军 ^1,2

1.北京师范大学资源学院灾害与公共安全研究所，北京 100875； 2.北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室，北京 100875；3.北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院，北京 100875

收稿日期:2005-12-20 修回日期:2006-01-16 出版日期:2006-02-15
通讯作者: 史培军(1959-)，男，陕西靖边人，教授，主要从事环境演变与自然灾害研究. E-mail:spj@bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家863计划重大专项资助项目“渤海海冰资源开发与农业综合利用技术研究”（编号：2004AA2Z4020）；国家自然科学基金重点项目“渤海海冰作为淡水资源的储量测算”（编号：40335048）资助.

The Effect of Storm Surge on Soil Salt Content of the Farmlands along the Bohai Bay in China

Zhang Guoming ^1,2,Gu Wei ^1,2,Wu Zhizheng ³,Shi Peijun ^1,2

1.Institute of Disaster and Public Security, College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2.Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disasters,Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;3. College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875, China

Received:2005-12-20 Revised:2006-01-16 Online:2006-02-15 Published:2006-02-15

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2003年10月11日渤海湾沧州范围内发生特大温带风暴潮，其摧毁沿岸养殖场后涌向沿海农田区域，海水倒灌农田浸泡持续时间达10~15 d不等。2004年5月3日，对浸泡农田土壤采样进行盐分分析，结果表明，经海水浸泡后农田全部盐碱化，且盐分主要聚集在土壤表层；46%的土地出现碱斑，0~90 cm土体内土壤含盐量较浸泡前普遍增加，0~10 cm表层含盐量高达1.134%；浸泡后0~25 cm土体内含盐离子组成较之浸泡前有显著变化，Cl^－含量增加了33.3%，Na⁺+K⁺含量增加了39.4%；降雨淋溶可以使土壤盐分含量明显下降，且为主要影响因素；经过一年后，土壤盐分含量降低到0.308%，而两年后，受灾土壤盐分含量降低到0.265%左右，可以种植耐盐性较强的作物。

关键词: 风暴潮, 土壤盐分, 影响, 农田

On October 11, 2003, a huge storm surge attacked the Changzhou region in the Bohai bay of China. The surge smashed the shrimp breeding fields and flooded the coastal farms. These farms were inundated for a period from 10 days to 15 days. On May 3, 2004, a salinity analysis was carried out for the soil samples from the seawatersoaked farms. Result shows that these farms had all been salinized: 46% of the lands had alkali pots; the content of salts in the soil (0~90cm) had increased evidently while the salts mainly concentrated at the surface layer (0~10cm), where the salt content was as high as 1.134%; constitutes of saline ions at the 0~25cm layer also changed greatly: the Cl^－increased for 33.3%, while the Na⁺ and K⁺altogether increased for 39.4%. It is found that rainfall is an effective and also primary way to desalinize these soils. Two years after the storm surge, salt content of the affected soils had dropped to around 0.265%, at which level some salt-enduring crops can be grown.

Key words: Storm surge, Salt content, Effect, Farmlands.

中图分类号:

S153

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