基于三维地质—地球物理模型的三维成矿预测——以安徽铜陵矿集区为例

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.06.0603.

地球科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 603 -614. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.06.0603.

向杰(

), 陈建平 ^*(

), 胡彬, 胡桥, 杨伟

1.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
2.中国地质大学(北京) 国土资源与高新技术研究中心,北京 100083

收稿日期:2016-04-02 修回日期:2016-05-22 出版日期:2016-06-20
通讯作者: 陈建平 E-mail:xiangjie@cugb.edu.cn;3s@cugb.edu.com
基金资助:
*中国地质调查局项目“老矿山技术创新与示范”(编号:1212011220737)资助

3D Metallogenic Prediction Based on 3D Geological-Geophysical Model: A Case Study in Tongling Mineral District of Anhui

Jie Xiang( ), Jianping Chen ^*( ), Bin Hu, Qiao Hu, Wei Yang

1.School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China
2.Institute of Land Resources and High Techniques,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China

Received:2016-04-02 Revised:2016-05-22 Online:2016-06-20 Published:2016-06-10
Contact: Jianping Chen E-mail:xiangjie@cugb.edu.cn;3s@cugb.edu.com
About author:
First author:Xiang Jie (1990- ),male, Lixian County, Hu’nan Province, Ph.D Stuent. Research areas include mineral resources quantitative prediction and evaluation research.E-mail:xiangjie@cugb.edu.cn

Corresponding author:Chen Jianping(1959- ), male, Beijing City, Professor. Research areas include mineral resources quantitative prediction and evaluation research.E-mail:3s@cugb.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the China Geological Survey Project “Science and technology innovation and demonstration of the old mine”(No.1212011220737)

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三维成矿预测已经成为当前国内外矿产勘查与资源评价研究的重要途径和热点。以安徽铜陵矿集区为例,开展了基于三维地质—地球物理模型的三维成矿预测,研究内容为:①在25条综合剖面基础上建立了三维地质模型,并采用三维重磁反演获取深部的三维物性特征,进而建立了三维地质—地球物理模型;②结合前人的成矿理论研究,分别总结了层控矽卡岩型与接触交代矽卡岩型矿床的有利控矿要素,建立了综合信息定量预测模型;③采用“立方块预测模型”找矿方法,根据信息量值结合地质基本情况圈定了15个找矿远景区。该研究成功地构建了三维地质—地球物理模型,并在地质找矿理论指导下,基于不同矿床类型定量提取了找矿有利信息,将传统的二维综合信息找矿方法拓展到三维空间,对于老矿山找矿具有重要指导意义。

关键词: 铜陵矿集区, 地质—地球物理模型, 定量预测模型, 三维成矿预测

3D metallogenic prediction is an important method and frontier of mineral resources exploration in the world. This paper introduces a case study of 3D metallogenic prediction based on 3D geological-geophysical model in Tongling mineral district. The research contents,methods,and results are summarized as the following aspects: ①Based on 25 comprehensive interpretation profiles,established 3D geological model of the study area. Using 3D property inversion of gravity-magnetic data technology to obtain 3D physical characteristics,a 3D geological-geophysical model was established;②Combined with the previous research on the metallogenic theory,this paper summed up some favorable geological conditions for ore-controlling,and established the quantitative prediction model;③By using“cubic predicting model”prospecting method, delineated 15 predicted targets according to the value of information and geological condition. This research built the 3D geological-geophysical model successfully,and under the guidance of geological prospecting theory,quantitatively extract the favorable prospecting information based on different deposit types. This research extends the traditional regional metallogenic prediction method to 3D space,and it has important guiding significance for the old mine prospecting.

Key words: Tongling mineral district, Geological-geophysical model, Quantitative prediction model, 3D metallogenic prediction.

中图分类号:

P612

图1 铜陵矿集区地质概况图
(a)铜陵矿集区大地构造位置 ^{[

38
]};(b)铜陵矿集区地质简图 ^{[

45
]}

Fig.1 Geology map of Tongling mineral district
(a)Tectonic position of Tongling mineral district ^{[

38
]} ;(b)Geological sketch map of Tongling mineral district ^{[

45
]}

图2 重力—磁法—AMT—地质联合剖面

Fig.2 Gravity-magnetism-AMT-geology combined profile

图3 研究区地层—重力—磁法模型

Fig.3 3D model of strata-gravity-magnetism in the study area

图4 研究区岩体—重力—磁法模型

Fig.4 3D model of rock-gravity-magnetism in the study area

图5 研究区断裂—重力—磁法模型

Fig.5 3D model of fracture-gravity-magnetism in the study area

图6 不同地层含矿立方体数目统计

Fig.6 Statistics of the amount of ore cubes in different strata

图7 不同岩体部位含矿单元体数目

Fig.7 Statistics of the amount of ore cubes in different rock mass parts

图8 重磁联合反演解释剖面图

Fig.8 Comprehensive interpretation profiles of gravity-magnetism

图9 重磁成矿有利区分布图

Fig.9 Distribution of favorable metallogenic information about gravity-magnetism

表1 铜陵矽卡岩型矿床定量预测模型

Table 1 Quantitative prediction model of skarn deposits in Tongling mineral district

控矿因素			定量化预测模型	定量特征值	信息量
接触交代矽卡岩型(凤凰山式)	地层	晚古生代碳酸盐岩地层	石炭—二叠系	石炭—二叠系	0.3649379
	地层	晚古生代碳酸盐岩地层	三叠系	三叠系	0.4047259
	构造	东西向大断裂、南北向盖层断裂及复向斜、复背斜组成的网格状构造体系复合控矿	断裂带	断裂	0.1244281
			破碎带	断裂200 m缓冲	0.2900539
			复向斜	向斜	0.4807962
			复背斜	背斜	0.5231676
	岩浆岩	花岗闪长斑岩体,是铜的主要来源。矽卡岩矿体主要是在接触带内	岩体	闪长岩	0.4740031
			接触带	岩体500 m缓冲	0.2096437
			岩体分异系数	(2,2.5)	0.7474779
	物探	重力梯度带磁法梯度带	重力垂向一阶导	大于0.15	0.4740031
	物探	重力梯度带磁法梯度带	磁力垂向一阶导	大于0.005	0.4891018
层控矽卡岩型(冬瓜山式)	地层	矿体明显受黄龙组白云岩、灰岩、船山组灰岩地层控制	黄龙组	C₂h	0.6561662
	地层	矿体明显受黄龙组白云岩、灰岩、船山组灰岩地层控制	船山组	C₂c	0.9741084
	构造	背斜轴部、旁侧羽裂隙和层间裂隙是主要的控矿构造	背斜核部	背斜	0.7427741
	构造	背斜轴部、旁侧羽裂隙和层间裂隙是主要的控矿构造	方位异常度	(0.985,0.995)	0.3564009
	岩浆岩	早期沉积的矿胚层经过后期的岩浆热液改造,岩体1 000 m范围内形成富矿	岩体	闪长岩	0.9812548
			岩体1 000 m缓冲	岩体1 000 m缓冲	0.2655739
			岩体分异系数	(2,2.5)	0.4521835
	物探	重力高值区磁法高值区	重力值(mGal)	(0.5,3)	0.5274373
	物探	重力高值区磁法高值区	磁力值(nT)	(60,300)	0.4149726

表1 铜陵矽卡岩型矿床定量预测模型

Table 1 Quantitative prediction model of skarn deposits in Tongling mineral district

控矿因素			定量化预测模型	定量特征值	信息量
接触交代矽卡岩型(凤凰山式)	地层	晚古生代碳酸盐岩地层	石炭—二叠系	石炭—二叠系	0.3649379
	地层	晚古生代碳酸盐岩地层	三叠系	三叠系	0.4047259
	构造	东西向大断裂、南北向盖层断裂及复向斜、复背斜组成的网格状构造体系复合控矿	断裂带	断裂	0.1244281
			破碎带	断裂200 m缓冲	0.2900539
			复向斜	向斜	0.4807962
			复背斜	背斜	0.5231676
	岩浆岩	花岗闪长斑岩体,是铜的主要来源。矽卡岩矿体主要是在接触带内	岩体	闪长岩	0.4740031
			接触带	岩体500 m缓冲	0.2096437
			岩体分异系数	(2,2.5)	0.7474779
	物探	重力梯度带磁法梯度带	重力垂向一阶导	大于0.15	0.4740031
	物探	重力梯度带磁法梯度带	磁力垂向一阶导	大于0.005	0.4891018
层控矽卡岩型(冬瓜山式)	地层	矿体明显受黄龙组白云岩、灰岩、船山组灰岩地层控制	黄龙组	C₂h	0.6561662
	地层	矿体明显受黄龙组白云岩、灰岩、船山组灰岩地层控制	船山组	C₂c	0.9741084
	构造	背斜轴部、旁侧羽裂隙和层间裂隙是主要的控矿构造	背斜核部	背斜	0.7427741
	构造	背斜轴部、旁侧羽裂隙和层间裂隙是主要的控矿构造	方位异常度	(0.985,0.995)	0.3564009
	岩浆岩	早期沉积的矿胚层经过后期的岩浆热液改造,岩体1 000 m范围内形成富矿	岩体	闪长岩	0.9812548
			岩体1 000 m缓冲	岩体1 000 m缓冲	0.2655739
			岩体分异系数	(2,2.5)	0.4521835
	物探	重力高值区磁法高值区	重力值(mGal)	(0.5,3)	0.5274373
	物探	重力高值区磁法高值区	磁力值(nT)	(60,300)	0.4149726

图10 铜陵矿集区矽卡岩型找矿信息量统计

Fig.10 Statistics of skarn-type prospecting information in Tongling mineral district

图11 铜陵矿集区矽卡岩型靶区分布图

Fig.11 Distribution of the skarn-type targets in Tongling mineral district

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