地球科学进展 ›› 2011, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 608 -614. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2011.06.0608

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

光学浅水遥感水底反射校正研究进展
周冠华   
  1. 北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,北京100191
  • 收稿日期:2010-03-31 修回日期:2010-11-16 出版日期:2011-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 周冠华 E-mail:zhouguanhua@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目“光学浅水遥感水底反射效应研究”(编号:40901168);国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目“基于环境一号等国产卫星的环境遥感监测关键技术及软件研究”(编号:2008BAC34B00)资助.

Review of Correction of Bottom Effects of Optical Shallow Water Remote Sensing

Zhou Guanhua   

  1. School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Beijing100191,China
  • Received:2010-03-31 Revised:2010-11-16 Online:2011-06-10 Published:2011-06-10

在水色遥感中,光学浅水底部反射的贡献显著地改变了水体反射信号的强度与光谱分布,成为制约二类水体遥感反演精度的瓶颈问题之一。在分析光学浅水概念和内涵的基础上,从水底反射特性测量、水底二向反射特性(BRDF)与水底反射效应校正模型3个方面论述了国内外在水底反射校正研究方面的进展;指出了发展光学浅水区的提取算法、建立典型底质类型光谱数据库、构建典型底质类型BRDF模型、发展有效的水底反射校正模型与光学浅水三维辐射传输模型等几个关键问题,以期为促进二类水体水色遥感发展提供科学依据。

Until recently, optical processes in shallow water, where the sea bottom is shallow enough to be optically detected, has received little attention outside of a relatively small number of modeling and remote sensing investigations. The contribution from the bottom of optical shallow water changes the intensity and spectral distribution of remotely sensed signal above water surface, which became one of the key problems for water quality remote sensing inversion accuracy. In shallow water, where the depth is much less than the potential for light to penetrate, a large fraction of the subsurface light reaches the ocean floor, where portions of the light energy are absorbed, reflected back into the overlying water column, or re-emitted as fluorescence. So variability in the subsurface light field is not only determined by the distribution of optically important matter dissolved and suspended in the water column, but also of the function of the depth and properties of the ocean floor. It is important to understand how light interacts with the sea floor. Though many of the techniques and approaches to investigate light in the deep water are relevant in the shallow water, they are insufficient to address the entire problem, and the treatment of remote sensing reflectance is more complex than for optically deep waters, when water bottom effects are considered. In order to completely understand the details of how light is distributed within the shallow water and to determine the interrelationships and variability of optical properties of water bottom and waterleaving radiance, the measurements of spectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) along with concurrent measurements of the sediment properties (composition, grain size, etc.) should be taken. The foundation of spectral database of typical sediment types in the typical coastal areas by experiment is necessary work to do, which can provide the basic data for modeling and application in optically shallow water remote sensing. New in-situ sensors and approaches designed specifically to take into account the complex distribution, structure, and optical properties of benthic features should be developed. Sophisticated models and methods are required to adequately separate the signal from the water column and that from the water bottom to derive the water-leaving radiance, bottom depth or bottom features. The magnitude and angular distribution of the bottom-reflected radiance are determined by the BRDF of the bottom. If the bottom is inhomogeneous, or patchy, or not horizontal, the upwelling radiance is a spatial function of horizontal location as well as depth, and therefore three-dimensional (3D) radiative Transfer (RT) calculations are necessary to predict the in-water and water-leaving radiances. 

中图分类号: 

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[1] 周冠华,唐军武,田国良,李京,柳钦火. 内陆水质遥感不确定性:问题综述[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24(2): 150-158.
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