全球地慢三维结构模型及动力学研究新进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1996.05.0421

地球科学进展 ›› 1996, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (5): 421 -431. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1996.05.0421

学科发展与研究下一篇

全球地慢三维结构模型及动力学研究新进展

朱介寿

成都理工学院成都 610059

收稿日期:1996-01-08 修回日期:1996-03-04 出版日期:1996-10-01
通讯作者: 朱介寿，男，1937年10月出生，教授，主要从事深部地球物理学及应用地球物理学研究.

THE RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELS AND GEODYNAMICS OF THE EARTH’S MANTLE

Zhu Jieshou

Chengdu Institute of Technology,Chengdu 610059

Received:1996-01-08 Revised:1996-03-04 Online:1996-10-01 Published:1996-09-01

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介绍了地幔三维地震模型及地球动力学最新进展，特别是1995年7月IUGG第21届大会展示的新成果。地幔三维速度分布主要由全球数字地震台网资料求得，100km深度速度分布主要与板块构造有关，350km深度显示了大陆与海洋的差异，1900km深度表现环太平洋的高速异常带。给出了410km、660km、核幔边界的地形起伏。讨论了南太平洋及西非超级上升地幔柱及亚洲超级下降冷地幔柱，它们控制了上地幔物质对流型式。从印度次大陆到西藏、新疆、贝加尔，由于亚洲超级下降地幔柱的作用，形成了全球最大规模的碰撞及拼合地区。

关键词: 地幔三维地震模型, 地幔内界面地形起伏, 超级地幔柱及动力学

Accurate models of the distribution of the elastic properties and density in the Earth’s mantle are important in wide areas of geophysics,geochemistry,and astronomy.The purpose of this paper is to describe the recent three-dimensional seismic model and geodynamics of the Earth’s mantle,especially been presented in IUGG XXI Assembly in Boulder,Colorado,USA in July 1995.The three-dimensional seismic models are constructed mainly by the data of broadband digital seismic networks.The velocity anomalies at different depths in mantle are characterized as follows.At a depth of 100km they follow the plate tectonic signature at surface.At a depth of 350km the principal expression of lateral variations are the differences between the continents and oceans.A ring of high velocities surrounding the Pacific basin.The topography on three internal mantle discontinuities(410km,660km,Core-Mantle Boundary)is shown.Two super-upwelling of mantle flow appear in south Pacific and west Africa in the lower mantle.The super downwelling plume underneath Asia is the dominant pattern of vertical mantle flow in the modern Earth.The mantle convection patterns in the upper mantle tend to be strongly controlled by the upwelling and downwelling superplumes in the lower mantle.The central Asia,from Indian subcontinent to Tibet,Xijiang,Mongolia and Baikal regions tend to be swallowed into the cold superplume forming the present largest collision and amalgamation places in the world.

Key words: Three-dimensional seismic model of Earth’s mantle, Topography on three internal mantle discontinuities, Super-plumes in the mantle and geodynamics

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