黔中气溶胶传输的210Pb和7Be示踪：II．月及年时间尺度的剖析

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.05.0505

地球科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 505 -514. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.05.0505

万国江 ¹,郑向东 ²,H N LEE ³,Z.G. Bai ⁴,万恩源 ¹,王仕禄 ¹,杨伟 ¹,苏菲 ⁵,汤洁 ²,王长生 ¹,黄荣贵 ¹,刘鹏 ⁶

1.中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室，贵州贵阳550002;
2.中国气象科学研究院，北京 100081;
3.Environmental Measurements Laboratory,New York NY10014-7447, USA;
4.ISRIC-World Soil Information，Wageningen 6700 AJ, the Netherlands;
5.贵州省气象局，贵州贵阳 550002;
6.中国大气本底基准观象台，青海西宁 810001

收稿日期:2009-09-24 修回日期:2010-03-29 出版日期:2010-05-10
通讯作者: 万国江 E-mail:wanguojiang@vip.skleg.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“环境中Pu的地球化学运移”（编号：40873086），“黔中大气核素（Pb-210，Be-7）与气溶胶关系”（编号：40773071），“Pb-210和Be-7大气沉降通量研究”（编号：40373038），“利用⁷Be和²¹⁰Pb示踪研究高原大气微量气体成分的输送特征”（编号：40175032）；中美国际合作项目“Tracing recent climate and environmental changes by measuring low-level radionuclides in the Yunnan-Guizhou plateau, China（2001-2005）”资助.

²¹⁰Pb and ⁷Be as tracers for aerosol transfers at center Guizhou，China：II. The interpretation by monthly and yearly intervals

Wan Guojiang ¹,Zheng Xiangdong ²,Lee H N ³,Bai Z G ⁴,Wan Enyuan ¹,Wang Shilu ¹,Yang Wei ¹,Su Fei ⁵,Tang Jie ²,Wang Changsheng ¹,Huang Ronggui ¹, Liu Peng ⁶

1.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China;
2.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
3.Environmental Measurements Laboratory, New York NY 10014-7447, USA;
4.ISRIC-World Soil Information, Wageningen 6700 AJ, the Netherlands;
5.Weather Bureau of Guizhou province，Guiyang 550002, China;
6.China Global Atmosphere Watch Baseline Observatory，Xining 810001，China

Received:2009-09-24 Revised:2010-03-29 Online:2010-05-10 Published:2010-05-10
Contact: Wan Guojiang E-mail:wanguojiang@vip.skleg.cn

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自2001年12月.连续逐周在贵阳观风山附近对近地面空气²¹⁰Pb-⁷Be浓度和沉降量的观测表明：区域性降水和气温制约近地面空气²¹⁰Pb具高浓度“U”型年分布；降水量和平流层向下输送影响近地面空气⁷Be月均浓度的季节性变化；²¹⁰Pb/⁷Be月均浓度比率受控于²¹⁰Pb变化和富7Be气团下沉的影响。观风山与瓦里关山之间因纬度和海拔的关系，⁷Be比率急剧震荡，显示出海洋性贫⁷Be气团入侵对观风山地区的明显影响。2002-2008年间贵阳观风山近地面空气²¹⁰Pb的年均浓度（2.8 ± 0.6 ）mBq/m³，约为全球若干站点中最高平均浓度值的近4倍；而⁷Be的年均浓度(4.8 ± 0.6) mBq/m³，与全球高海拔站点长期观测的平均值相当，大约为北半球中纬度对流层顶部附近⁷Be浓度值（18.0 mBq/m³）的1/3.8，显示出低纬度、较高海拔地区的预期水平。2003年，瓦里关山和观风山近地面空气⁷Be的年均浓度比为3.8，与预期的大气输送和混合作用基本一致。⁷Be月均浓度的增大趋势反映出受太阳黑子数减少的变化关系，其影响底线大约为4mBq/m³；⁷Be年均浓度波动的增大趋势反映出受太阳黑子数降低的可能影响。贵阳观风山降水中7Be和210Pb的体积加权浓度分别为0.72 Bq/L和0.27 Bq/L；年沉降通量分别为0.080 Bq/( cm²·a)和0.031 Bq（cm²·a）。数值模拟显示出全球空气²¹⁰Pb高浓度区和高沉降通量环带分布，印证了洱海和红枫湖沉积物⁷Be和¹³⁷Cs蓄积的模拟结果。

关键词: 气溶胶传输, ²¹⁰Pb-⁷Be, 月—年时间尺度, 红枫湖, 洱海

The Weekly successive measurements of ²¹⁰Pb and ⁷Be concentrations in surface air and depositional fluxes at Mt. Guanfeng/Guiyang since December of 2001 indicate that high ²¹⁰Pb concentration is constrained by regional rainfall and air temperature, and shows U-pattern distribution; Seasonal variation of ⁷Be monthly mean concentration is influenced by amount of precipitation and downward stratospheric current; Ratio of ²¹⁰Pb and ⁷Be monthly mean concentrations is determined by ²¹⁰Pb variation and down flow of rich-⁷Be air mass. Ratio of ⁷Be concentration at Mt. Guanfeng/Guiyang and Mt. Waliguan fluctuates rapidly because of their latitudes and elevation, indicating an obvious influence of oceanic poor-⁷Be air mass invasion on Mt. Guanfeng. Annual mean concentration of ²¹⁰Pb at Mt. Guanfeng/Guiyang during 2002-2008 is about 2.8 ± 0.6 mBq/m³, nearly 4 times of the average concentration of the highest concentrations of the global observations; 4.8 ± 0.6 mBq/m³ for ⁷Be, which is equivalent to the average concentration of the highest concentrations of the global observations and 1/3.8 times of the ⁷Be activity (18.0 mBq/m³) on the top of the troposphere at middle latitude of northern hemisphere; it is anticipated in the low latitude and high elevation area. In 2003, the ratio of annual mean 7Be concentration is 3.8 at both Mt. Waliguan and Mt. Guanfeng, which is consistent with the anticipated consequence of atmospheric transportation and mixture. Increasing trend of ⁷Be monthly mean concentration relates to decrease of sunspot number, the baseline of the influence for ⁷Be is about 4 mBq/m³; Increasing trend of ⁷Be annual mean concentration could also be influenced by sunspot number decrease. Volume-weighted concentrations of 7Be and 210Pb in rainfall at Mt. Guanfeng/Guiyang are 0.72 Bq/L and 0.27Bq/L, respectively; their annual depositional fluxes are 0.080 Bq/( cm²·a) and 0.031 Bq/( cm²·a), respectively. The numerical simulation shows global zonal distribution of ²¹⁰Pb with mosaic areas of high air concentration and high fluxes, which confirms the simulated results of ²¹⁰Pb and ⁷Be inventories in the sediments of Lake Hongfeng and Erhai.

Key words: aerosol transfers, ²¹⁰Pb-⁷Be, monthly and yearly intervals, Lake Hongfeng, Lake Erhai

中图分类号:

P402

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[1]	万国江,郑向东,Lee H N,Bai Z G,万恩源,王仕禄,杨伟,苏菲,汤洁,王长生,黄荣贵,刘鹏. 黔中气溶胶传输的 ²¹⁰Pb和 ⁷Be示踪：Ⅰ．周时间尺度的解释[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(5): 492-504.

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210Pb and 7Be as tracers for aerosol transfers at center Guizhou，China：II. The interpretation by monthly and yearly intervals

²¹⁰Pb and ⁷Be as tracers for aerosol transfers at center Guizhou，China：II. The interpretation by monthly and yearly intervals