个人终端消费导向的碳足迹研究框架——支撑我国环境外交的碳排放研究新思路

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.01.0061

地球科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 61 -68. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2010.01.0061

樊杰 ¹,李平星 ^{1, 2},梁育填 ^{1, 2}

1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101; 2.中国科学院研究生院，北京100049

收稿日期:2009-11-24 修回日期:2009-12-12 出版日期:2010-01-10
通讯作者: 李平星 E-mail:lipx.08b@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目“我国地域功能格局的形成机理与识别方法”（编号：40830741）；中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目群“全球气候变化与生态”子项目“终端消费导向的碳足迹研究”（编号：KZCX2-YW-Q1-08）资助.

Framework of Final Consumption Oriented Research on Carbon Footprint——New Idea of Research on Carbon Emissions Supporting the Environmental Diplomacy of China

Fan Jie ¹, Li Pingxing ^1,2, Liang Yutian ^1,2

1.Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing100101, China;2.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China

Received:2009-11-24 Revised:2009-12-12 Online:2010-01-10 Published:2010-01-10
Contact: Li Ping-xing E-mail:lipx.08b@igsnrr.ac.cn

碳足迹揭示了终端消费领域人类活动对于全球气候变化的影响，是碳排放研究从生产层面转向消费层面的重要标志。开展碳足迹研究可以揭示人类终端消费活动导致的碳排放以及消费能力、消费结构与碳足迹的关系，并最终服务于我国的环境外交。在分析传统生产层面碳排放研究、总结碳足迹研究最新进展的基础上，从气候变化研究领域中就人类活动进行研究的3大核心命题——“规律、权益、策略”出发，提出了碳足迹研究的基本理念、基本假设和基本判断，总结了相应的原则。最后，对生存型、发展型和奢侈型消费及相应碳排放进行了初步的判断和核算。

关键词: 终端消费, 碳足迹, 碳排放, 环境外交

The carbon footprint indicates the effect of human final consumptions on global climate changes, and is a key sign of the turn from production to consumption-based research on carbon emissions. The carbon emissions embodied in human final consumption and the relationship between carbon footprints and ability and structure of consumption can be showed by carrying out research on carbon footprint. Moreover, the corresponding conclusions will also serve our country′s environmental diplomacy. Based on analyzing traditional production-based research of carbon emissions and summarizing latest research progress of carbon footprint, and proceeded from the three core propositions—“Law, Right and Interest, Countermeasure” of climate change related with human activities, this paper proposes the basic ideas, hypothesis and judgments of research on carbon footprint, and also the basic standing points. Finally, this paper carries out primary identification and calculation of threshold values of survival, development, luxury-oriented consumption and relevant carbon emissions.

Key words: Final consumption, Carbon footprint, Carbon emission, Environmental diplomacy

中图分类号:

X2
P467

[1] Song Changqing, Leng Shuying. Characteristics and trend of modern geography and progress of geographical research in China[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005, 20(6): 595-599.[宋长青, 冷疏影. 当代地理学特征、发展趋势及中国地理学研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20(6): 595-599.]
[2] Fan Jie. Comprehensiveness of geography and integrated research on regional development[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2004, 59(suppl.): 33-40.[樊杰. 地理学的综合性与区域发展的集成研究[J]. 地理学报, 2004,59(增刊): 33-40.]
[3] Li Jiayang, Chen Panqin, Ge Quansheng, et al.Global change and human activities: Priorities of the global change research in next phase in China[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005,20(4): 371-377.[李家洋, 陈泮勤, 葛全胜, 等.全球变化与人类活动的相互作用——我国下阶段全球变化研究工作的重点[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20(4): 371-377.]
[4] Ge Quansheng, Wang Fang, Chen Panqin, et al. Review on global change research[J].Advances in Earth Science,2007, 22(4): 417-427.[葛全胜, 王芳, 陈泮勤, 等. 全球变化研究进展和趋势[J]. 地球科学进展, 2007,22(4): 417-427.]
[5] Chen Yiyu, Chen Panqin, Ge Quansheng,et al. Global change research: Progress and prospect[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2002, 9(1): 11-18.[陈宜瑜, 陈泮勤, 葛全胜, 等. 全球变化研究进展与展望[J]. 地学前缘, 2002, 9(1): 11-18.]
[6] Messerli B, Grosjean M, Hofer T,et al. From nature-dominated to human-dominated environmental changes[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,2000, 19: 459-479.
[7] Zhang Qiang, Han Yongxiang, Song Lianchun. The summarize of development of global climate change and its effect factors[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005, 20(9): 990-998.[张强, 韩永翔, 宋连春. 全球气候变化及其影响因素研究进展综述[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20(9): 990-998.]
[8] Liu Qiang, Liu Jiaqi, He Huaiyu. Research advances on concentration change of the greenhouse gases and their source and sink[J].Advances in Earth Science,2000, 15(4): 453-460.[刘强, 刘嘉麒, 贺怀宇. 温室气体浓度变化及其源与汇研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2000, 15(4): 453-460.]
[9] Qu Jiansheng, Zeng Jingjing, Zhang Zhiqiang. Review of the international main greenhouse gases emission database[J].Advances in Earth Science,2008, 23(1): 47-54.[曲建升, 曾静静, 张志强. 国际主要温室气体排放数据集比较分析研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2008, 23(1): 47-54.]
[10] Kok R, Benders R M J, Moll H C. Measuring the environmental load of household consumption using some methods based on input-output energy analysis: A comparison of methods and a discussion of results[J].Energy Policy,2006, 34: 2 744-2 761.
[11] Zhang Zhiqiang, Qu Jiansheng, Zeng Jingjing. A quantitative comparison and analytical study on the assessment indicator s of greenhouse gases emissions[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2008, 63(7): 693-702.[张志强, 曲建升, 曾静静. 温室气体排放评价指标及其定量分析[J]. 地理学报, 2008, 63(7): 693-702.]
[12] Pan Jiahua. A conceptual framework for understanding human development potential—With empirical analysis of global demand for carbon emissions[J].Social Sciences in China,2002, (6): 51-62.[潘家华. 人文发展分析的概念构架与经验数据——以对碳排放空间的需求为例[J]. 中国社会科学, 2002, (6): 51-62.]
[13] Li Liping, Ren Yong, Tian Chunxiu. Analysis on the China′s responsibility of carbon emissions from the perspective of international trade[J].Environmental Protection,2008, (6): 62-64.[李丽平, 任勇, 田春秀. 国际贸易视角下的中国碳排放责任分析[J]. 环境保护, 2008, (6): 62-64.]
[14] Ahmad N, Wyckoff A. Carbon Dioxide Emissions Embodied in International Trade of Goods[M]. Hartford: OECD, Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry,2003.
[15] Zhang Xiaoping. Carbon dioxide emissions embodied in China′s foreign trade[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2009, 64(2): 234-242.[张晓平. 中国对外贸易产生的CO₂排放区位转移分析[J]. 地理学报, 2009, 64(2): 234-242.] 
[16] Ren Guoyu, Xu Ying. History and current situation of CO₂ emissions of every country over the world[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2002, 30(3): 129-134.[任国玉, 徐影. 世界各国CO₂排放历史和现状[J]. 气象科技, 2002, 30(3): 129-134.]
[17] Weber C L, Matthews H S. Quantifying the global and distributional aspects of American household carbon footprint[J].Ecological Economics,2008, 66: 379-391.
[18] Kenny T, Gray N F. A preliminary survey of household and personal carbon dioxide emissions in Ireland[J].Environment International,2009,35(2):259-272.
[19] Suh S. Are services better for climate change?[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2006, 40(21): 6 555-6 560.
[20] Carlsson-Kanyama A, Engström R, Kok R. Indirect and direct energy requirements of city households in Sweden: Options for reduction, lessons from modeling[J].Journal of Industrial Ecology,2005, 9(1/2): 221-235.
[21] China Statistical Yearbook 2006[M/OL]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2006/indexch.htm,2006.[中国统计年鉴2006[M/OL]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2006/indexch.htm,2006.]
[22] International Statistical Yearbook 2007, 2008[M/OL]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/qtsj/gjsj/,2008.[国际统计年鉴2007, 2008[M/OL]. http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/qtsj/gjsj,2008.]
[23] Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC). Global, Regional, and National Fossil Fuel CO₂ Emissions[EB/OL]. http://cdiac.ornl.gov,2007.
[24] Ding Zhongli, Duan Xiaonan, Ge Quansheng, et al. Control of atmospheric CO₂concentration by 2050: An allocation on the emission rights of different countries[J].Science in China (Series D),2009,39(8):1 009-1 027.[丁仲礼, 段晓男, 葛全胜, 等. 2050年大气 CO₂浓度控制: 各国排放权计算[J]. 中国科学:D辑, 2009, 39(8): 1 009-1 027.]
[25] Hu Chuzhi, Huang Xianjin, Zhong Taiyang, et al. Character of carbon emission in China and its dynamic development analysis[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment,2008, 18(3): 38-42.[胡初枝, 黄贤金, 钟太洋, 等. 中国碳排放特征及其动态演进分析[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2008, 18(3): 38-42.]
[26] World Bank. World Bank Development Report 1992[M]. Beijing: China Financial and Economic Publishing House, 1992.[世界银行. 世界银行发展报告1992[M]. 北京: 中国财政经济出版社, 1992.]
[27] Baer P, Athanasiou T, Kartha S. The Right to Development in a climate Constrained World: The Greenhouse Development Rights Framework[M/OL].http://www.ecoequity.org/GDRs,2009.
[28] Institute of Energy, National Committee of Development and Reform. Comprehensive Report on the Sustainable Energy of China: Analysis on the Prospect of CO₂Emissions[M/OL].http://web.cenet.org.cn/upfile/77222.pdf,2003.[国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所.中国可持续发展能源暨碳排放情景分析综合报告[M].http://web.cenet.org.cn/upfile/77222.pdf,2003.]

[1]	韩瑞玲,路紫,姚海芳. 航空碳排放环境损害评估方法的动态化转换、应用与比较研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(7): 688-696.
[2]	赵燕慧, 路紫. 航线网络碳排放模型及外部性要素分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(1): 103-111.
[3]	杨占红, 罗宏, 薛婕, 张保留. 中印两国碳排放形势及目标比较研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2016, 31(7): 764-773.
[4]	李平星，曹有挥. 产业转移背景下区域工业碳排放时空格局演变——以泛长三角为例[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(8): 939-947.
[5]	王勤花, 张志强, 曲建升. 家庭生活碳排放研究进展分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(12): 1305-1312.
[6]	张志强，曾静静，曲建升. 世界主要国家碳排放强度历史变化趋势及相关关系研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(8): 859-869.
[7]	于宇，宋金明，李学刚，袁华茂，李宁，段丽琴. 长江口海域表层沉积物中磷的形态分布及环境意义[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(8): 870-880.
[8]	樊杰，李平星. 基于城市化的中国能源消费前景分析及对碳排放的相关思考[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(1): 57-65.
[9]	彭琴，董云社，齐玉春. 氮输入对陆地生态系统碳循环关键过程的影响[J]. 地球科学进展, 2008, 23(8): 874-883.
[10]	AbhineetyGoel,Dr.R.B.Singh. 以减少碳损失为目标的印度大城市可持续林业：以德里地区为例[J]. 地球科学进展, 2006, 21(2): 144-150.

阅读次数

全文

摘要