同位素指示的巴丹吉林沙漠南缘地下水补给来源

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2007.09.0922

通过恢复巴丹吉林沙漠及其周边地区大气降水氚值，并结合区域稳定同位素组合特征，揭示了区域地下水氚年龄的多解性与地下水稳定同位素的温度效应。恢复的1963年核试验期氚高峰值达到2 100 TU，进入90年代平均为60 TU。1960年以来降水补给的地下水氚值都应大于15 TU，而1963年的高峰氚衰变至今应在200 TU左右。地下水实测氚值较低，表明由现代少量降水补给的地下水与大量的古水进行了混合。影响降水中δ¹⁸O和δ²H分布的主要影响因子是月平均空气温度，对δ¹⁸O与δ²H的影响权重分别占到59.9%和57.0%。巴丹吉林沙漠及其周边地区地下水较低的稳定同位素组成表明，其补给主要是晚更新世较冷环境下形成的，来源于东南部的雅布赖山区，部分浅层地下水接受现代降水与河流的补给。 

关键词: 稳定同位素, 氚值, 地下水补给, 巴丹吉林沙漠

The reconstructed maximum tritium peak was reached 2 100 TU in 1963 in the Badain Jaran area，which is lower than the tritium peak value of 3 280 TU in Vienna, but quite higher than the average tritium value of 600 TU in HongKong. The reconstructed ³H value was about 110~150 TU during the 1970s and reduced to 60 TU during the 1990s. The very low tritium value in the groundwater shows that little modern rainfall recharged groundwater was mixed by more palaeowater, which indicates age determinations accurate to the year are impossible and a tritium value in the groundwater means multiple recharge ages in this region. The temperature is the primary factor effect to δ¹⁸O and δ²H in precipitation and their value is 59.9% and 57.0% respectively. The isotopic composition of the lakes and the shallow groundwaters feeding the lakes are interrelated along a line that intercepts the local meteoric line at around -11.4‰ δ¹⁸O . This implies that the groundwaters are genetically recharged from a time when the climate was much colder and wetter than today during the later Pleistocene. The source must be palaeowater from the Southeast Yabulai Mountain. However, the shallow groundwater partly recharged with minimum rainfall.

Key words: Tritium, Groundwater recharge, Badain Jaran Desert., Stable isotope

中图分类号:

P641.3

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摘要

Environmental Isotopes as the Indicators of the Groundwater Recharge in the South Badain Jaran Desert