地球科学进展 ›› 2005, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (6): 627 -636. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2005.06.0627

所属专题: “沙尘天气追因、影响及治理”虚拟专刊

研究论文 上一篇    下一篇

我国沙尘的来源、移动路径及对东部海域的影响
张 凯 1,2,高会旺 1,张仁健 2,朱燕君 3,王跃思 2   
  1. 1.中国海洋大学海洋生态环境实验室,山东 青岛 266003;
    2.中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层和大气化学国家重点实验室,北京 100029;
    3.中国气象局,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2004-03-12 修回日期:2004-11-09 出版日期:2005-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 张凯
  • 基金资助:

    山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目“山东近岸海域水质变化与污染控制优化方案研究”;国家自然科学基金重大项目“上层海洋—低层大气生物地球化学与物理过程耦合研究”(编号:40490262)资助.

SOURCES AND MOVEMENT ROUTES OF SAND-DUST AEROSOLS AND THEIR IMPACT PROBABILITIES ON CHINA SEAS IN 2000-2002

ZHANG Kai 1,2;GAO Huiwang 1;ZHANG Renjian 2;ZHU Yanjun 3;WANG Yuesi 2   

  1. 1.Laboratory of Environmental Science and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003,China;
    2.LAPC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; 
    3.China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081,China
  • Received:2004-03-12 Revised:2004-11-09 Online:2005-06-25 Published:2005-06-25

利用中国气象局提供的micaps天气资料,通过对2000—2002年发生的42次沙尘天气个例的分析,重点研究了沙尘的源地、移动路径、入海地点及对不同海域的影响概率。结果表明:影响我国的沙尘天气有70%起源于蒙古国,在经过境内沙漠地区时得以加强。沙尘粒子的移动和入海途径主要有3条:一是从内蒙古东部入侵的沙尘天气经浑善达克和科尔沁沙地后进入渤海和黄海;二是从内蒙古西部入侵的沙尘天气经内蒙古西部沙地和黄土高原后进入渤海、黄海和东海;三是从青海东部扬起的沙尘长距离输运进入黄海、东海及西北太平洋。2000—2002年,63.9%的沙尘天气会影响到海洋,其中,影响渤海、黄海和东海的概率分别为27.4%、30.9%和12.3%,影响朝鲜海峡和日本海的概率为20.2%和9.2%。

Based on the Micaps meteorology data provided by China Meteorological Administration, the source, movement route, influence areas and impact probabilities on different seas were studied for each case. It was shown that about 70% sand-dust storms that influenced China originally came from Mongolia, and were strengthened during their movement in the desert areas of China. There were totally 42 sand-dust storms influencing China and three movement routes from west to east during 2000-2002. Firstly, sand-dust originally occurred in Mongolia intruded into China from the east part of Inner Mongolia, by the way of Hunshandake desert and Horqin desert, and were deposited into the Bohai sea, the Yellow sea, Korea Strait and Japan sea; secondly, sand-dust coming from Mongolia intruded into China from the west of Inner Mongolia, were transported from west to east, and then sunk into the Bohai sea, the Yellow sea, the East China sea, Korea Strait and Japan Sea; and thirdly, sand-dust that occurred in Mongolia and in the northwest of China were transported by the high northwest current and sunk into the Yellow sea, the East China sea and the West Pacific Ocean. There were about 63.9% sand dust weather that might affect China seas by the three different routes. The impact probability on the Bohai sea was 27.4%, the Yellow sea 30.9%, the East China sea 12.3%, Korea Channel 20.2% and Japan sea 9.2%.

中图分类号: 

[1] Yang Shaojin, Yang Yi’nan, Chen Bingru, et al. Characterization of marine aerosol and its sources over the Western Pacific Ocean [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,1993,13:2 135-142. [杨绍晋,杨亦男,陈冰如,等.西太平洋上空气溶胶的来源及其化学特征的研究 [J].环境科学学报,1993,13(2):135-142.]
[2] Zhang J, Huang W W. Potential chemical link between continental wind deposits, marine aerosol and pelagic sediments—An example from Chinese Loess[J]. Deep-sea Research, 1992, 39(10): 1 806-1 816.
[3] Uematsu M, Duce R A, Prospero J M, et al. Transport of mineral aerosol from Asia over the North Pacifi Ocean [J]. Journal of Geophysics Research, 1983, 88: 5 343-5 352.
[4] Duce R A,Unni C K, Ray B J, et al. Long-range atmospheric transport of soil dust from Asia to the tropical North Pacific: Temporal variability[J]. Science, 1980, 209: 1 522-1 524.
[5] Gao Qingxian, Li Lingjun, Zhang Yungang, et al. Studies on the springtime dust storm of China[J]. China Environmental Science, 2000, 20(6): 495-500. [高庆先,李令军,张运刚,等.我国春季沙尘暴研究 [J]. 中国环境科学,2000,20(60):495-500.]
[6] Liu Yi, Zhou Mingyu.Temporal and spatial characteristics of aerosols over the East China Sea[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 1999, 21(1):32-40. [刘毅,周明煜.中国近海大气气溶胶的时间和地理分布特征 [J].海洋学报,1999,21(1):32-40.]
[7] Gao Huiwang, Zhang Yingjuan, Zhang Kai.Atmospheric inputs of pollutants to the sea and their effects on marine environment and ecosystem [J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2002,17(3):326-330. [高会旺,张英娟,张凯.大气污染物向海洋的输入及其生态环境效应 [J].地球科学进展,2002,17(3):326-330.][8] Zhang J, Huang W W, Liu S M, et al. Transport of particulate heavy metals towards the China Sea: A preliminary study and comparison[J]. Marine Chemistry, 1992, 40(3): 161-178.
[9] Liu C L, Zhang J, Yu Z G, et al. Atmospheric transport of heavy metals to the Yellow sea[A]. In: Hong G H, Zhang J , Park B K,eds.Health of the Yellow Sea [C]. Soul, Korea, 1998.
[10] Chen Liqi, Wang Zhihong, Yang Xulin, et al. Characteristics of metals in atmosphere over the western Taiwan Strait Ⅱ: Sources and fluxes[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 1999, 21(1): 23-31. [陈立奇,王志红,杨绪林,等.台湾海峡西部海域大气中金属的特征Ⅱ:大气颗粒金属的来源和入海通量 [J].海洋学报,1999,21(1):23-31.]

[1] 卢辉雄, 王永军, 汪冰, 张恩, 王瑞军, 李名松. 基于GIS的层次分析法在沽源地区铀成矿预测中的应用[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(8): 968-973.
[2] 刘花台, 郭占荣. 海底地下水排泄的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(7): 774-785.
[3] 夏阳,张立飞. 中源地震脱水脆变机制的岩石学研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(9): 997-1006.
[4] 秦蕴珊,尹宏. 西太平洋——我国深海科学研究的优先战略选区[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(3): 245-248.
[5] 张泓,张群,曹代勇,李小彦,李贵红,黄文辉,冯宏,靳德武,张子敏,贾建称,石智军,邵龙义,程建远,汤达祯,姜在炳. 中国煤田地质学的现状与发展战略[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(4): 343-352.
[6] 刘德地,陈晓宏,李梅,楼章华. 基于区域优势理论的中国水资源利用现状分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24(11): 1247-1253.
[7] 王宝鉴,黄玉霞,王劲松,陶健红. 祁连山云和空中水汽资源的季节分布与演变[J]. 地球科学进展, 2006, 21(9): 948-955.
[8] 冯维波. 我国城市游憩空间研究现状与重点发展领域[J]. 地球科学进展, 2006, 21(6): 585-592.
[9] 朱晓华,蔡运龙. 中国断层系分维及其灰色预测研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2006, 21(5): 496-503.
[10] 宋长青;冷疏影. 当代地理学特征:发展趋势及中国地理学研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20(6): 595-599.
[11] 张继红;方建光;唐启升. 中国浅海贝藻养殖对海洋碳循环的贡献[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20(3): 359-365.
[12] 姚玉鹏;马福臣. 关于我国开展地球系统研究战略概念模型的讨论[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20(2): 144-148.
[13] 苏纪兰;唐启升. 我国海洋生态系统基础研究的发展——国际趋势和国内需求[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20(2): 139-143.
[14] 潘德炉;王迪峰. 我国海洋光学遥感应用科学研究的新进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2004, 19(4): 506-512.
阅读次数
全文


摘要