地球科学进展 ›› 1991, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (3): 38 -43. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1991.03.0038

干旱气候变化与可持续发展 上一篇    下一篇

南极冰川学的发展、热点及展望
秦大河   
  1. 中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所  730000
  • 收稿日期:1991-01-23 出版日期:1991-05-01
  • 通讯作者: 秦大河

DEVELOPMENT, HOT SPOTS AND PROSPECTS OF ANTARCTIC GLACIOLOGY

Qin Dahe   

  1. Lanzhou Institute of Glacidogy and Geocryology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou  730000
  • Received:1991-01-23 Online:1991-05-01 Published:1991-05-01

    南极地区自然界现存的冰雪体,是南极冰川学研究的对象。南极冰雪体及其变化对全球水体的分布和循环以及气候、环境演变具有十分重要的影响,因而使南极冰川学研究不仅在南极科学中处于主要地位,而且在全球变化研究中举足径重。
    南极冰盖巨厚的冰雪内保留有数十万年乃至上百万年地球环境和气候变化的详细记录,冰芯综合研究受到高度重视。目前,南极冰川学正在向大尺度宏观方向和冰体内部微观方向两个方面迅速发展,涉及的学科更加广泛。其热点为:1、冰盖的物质和动态平衡——海平面和气侯变化,2、冰芯综合研究。
    中国南极研究起步较晚,南极热的兴起仅是最近十年的事情,总体水平与国际先进水平相比存在较大差距。为此,笔者提下列几点建议:1、南板冰川学是一门国际性很强的学科,其研究工作只能从横向与各国同行相比,要求研究内容具有国际水平;2、为接近和达到国际水平,需要培养一批年富力强、德才兼备的南极冰川学科研骨干队伍;3、抓紧建设南极冰川学实验室的建;9、切实加强国内各部门、各学科之间的联系和合作。

The snow and ice masses existing in the Antarctic Regions are the object of Antaretic glaciological research. The snow and ice and its variations have a strong impact on water distrbution and ciecle on the earth and changes of global climate nad environment;therefore Antarctic glaciology is not only on the for-ward position of Antarctic science, but plays an important role in the global change research.
As early as the exploring period, the snow and ice had begun to be investigated and described. In the International Geophysical Year, some thousand scientists landed Antarctica and glaciological investigation was one of most important activities of them. Because the Antarctic ice sheet stores the very detailed record of past global climate and environment changes on a time-scale ranging from annual resolution to 105 and even 106 years,the ice core study have been received much more attention. The Vostok ice core studies done by French and Russian scientists have revealed a history of 160, 000 year climatic changes. Antarctic glaciology at present is forging rapidly ahead both in large-scale and in microcosm, and more and more disciplines are involved. Among the several hot spots of Antarctic glaciology, in the author opinion, two subjects are the most important. One is the mass and dynamic balance of ice sheet-sea level and climatic changes;and another is the ice core study.
Chinese Antarctic research, starting late and only having a ten year history, has lagged quite far behind international advanced level. The author therefore makes the following suggestions:(1)Our Antarctic glaciological study should take aim at international level because of its strong international character;(2)A batch of prime scientific and technical workers needs to be fosterred ; (3)We must pay close attention to the construction of modern Laboratory for Antarctic glaciological research;(4)Various departments and disciplines in our country should co-operate and contact very well.

[1] 竺可祯,中国近五千年来气候变迁初步研究,考古学报,1972,第1期。
[2] 秦大河,发展中的中国南极冰川学研究,冰川冻土,1988, 10 (3): 250- 255。
[3] 秦大河,王文悌,南极Wilkes land浅表层内的历史气候的记录中国科学,1989, B辑(6) 650-664e
[4] 谢白楚,任贾文,中国的南极冰川学研究,当代中国的南极考察事业。国家南极考察委员会,科学出版社(待出版)。
[5] Budd, W. F. The dynamics of ice masses. ANARE Scientific Reports Ser. A (IV),Glaciology, Publ.No.108. 1969.
[6] Budd, W. F. and others, Derived Physical characteristics of Antarctic ice sheet. ANARE Interim Reports, Ser. A(IV),Glaciology, Publ. No. 120, 1971。
[7] Bindschadler, R. A.,SeaRISE: A multidisciplinary research initiative to predict rapid changes in global sea level caused by collapse of marine ice sheets. NASA Conference Publication 3075, Greenbelt, Maryland, 1990, 47pp.
[8] Jouzel, J. and others. Vostok ice core:a continuous isotope temperature record over the last climatic cycle(160000 years). Nature, 1987, 329(6138):403-08.
[9] Robin , G. de Q. and Swithinbank, C. Fifty years of progress in understanding ice sheets. Journal of Glaciology,Special Issue: 1987, 33-47.
[10] SCAR Sleeting Committee for IGBP, The role of Antarctica in Global change, scientific priorities for the IGBP. ICSU press/ SCAR, University printing Services, Cambridge, England, 1989; 1990, 28pp.
[11] Schutt Valter, Norwegian-British-Swedisn. Antarctic Expedition, 1999-52, Scientific Results, 1958, Vol.4 (A. B. C):1-152.
[12] Wilson, A. T,Origin of ice ages: an ice shelf theory for Pleistocene glaciation. Nature. 1964, 313 (6003):535-40

[1] 张子洋, 闫明, MULVANEY Robert, 季峻峰, 效存德, 刘雷保, 安春雷. 东南极 LGB69冰芯 17122001年气温变化记录的初步研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021, 36(2): 172-184.
[2] 曲建升, 肖仙桃, 曾静静. 国际气候变化科学百年研究态势分析 *[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(11): 1193-1202.
[3] 史培军, 王爱慧, 孙福宝, 李宁, 叶涛, 徐伟, 王静爱, 杨建平, 周洪建. 全球变化人口与经济系统风险形成机制及评估研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2016, 31(8): 775-781.
[4] 马天鸣, 谢周清, 李院生. 极地冰芯电学性质及导电测量技术研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2016, 31(2): 161-170.
[5] 吴晨曦, 刘世杰, 田一翔, 童小华. 基于多源遥感数据的南极三大冰架前端变化分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2016, 31(2): 206-212.
[6] 吴炳方, 邢强. 遥感的科学推动作用与重点应用领域[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(7): 751-762.
[7] 张胜凯, 雷锦韬, 李斐. 全球海潮模型研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(5): 579-588.
[8] 黄邦钦, 柳欣. 边缘海浮游生态系统对生物泵的调控作用[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(3): 385-395.
[9] 胡毅, 王立明, 钟贵才, 房旭东, 许江, 何慧优. 威德尔海的重磁场特征及其构造意义[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(11): 1231-1238.
[10] 艾丽坤, 王晓毅. 全球变化研究中自然科学和社会科学协同方法的探讨[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(11): 1278-1286.
[11] 房启飞, 张虎权. 地球系统变化对叠层石衰减影响的研究综述[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(9): 1003-1010.
[12] 魏学琼, 叶瑜, 崔玉娟, 李蓓蓓, 袁存, 方修琦. 中国历史土地覆被变化重建研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(9): 1037-1045.
[13] 游超, 姚檀栋, 邬光剑. 雪冰中生物质燃烧记录研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(6): 662-673.
[14] 刘贤赵, 张勇, 宿庆, 田艳林, 全斌, 王国安. 现代陆生植物碳同位素组成对气候变化的响应研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(12): 1341-1354.
[15] 史培军, 孔锋, 叶谦, 汪明, 刘凯. 灾害风险科学发展与科技减灾[J]. 地球科学进展, 2014, 29(11): 1205-1211.
阅读次数
全文


摘要